Integumentary system Flashcards
What is the structure of the integumentary system
The body’s outer layer
Skin weighs about 20 pounds
Another word for skin is integument
what are the functions of the integumentary system
Tough keratin (a tough protein found in skin, hair, and nails) protects against mechanical injury and chemical damage
Melanocytes are cells that produce melanin to protect against UV ray damage
Acidic sweat protects against bacterial infections
what is the water Barrier?
Keratin and oils in the skin reduce water loss through evaporation and form a barrier against water infusion.
What is one more Function of the Integumentary system?
Temperature Regulation: Capillaries dilate to release heat and constrict to conserve heat. Sweat evaporation provides a cooling effect.
What’s another function?
Vitamin D production: Sunlight converts cholesterol into vitamin D, which is essential for bone health.
Whats the 3rd function?
Waste elimination: Urea and uric acid are eliminated in sweat
What’s One More function?
Sensory Perception: Receptor cells transmit information about touch, pressure, vibration, pain, and temperature to the central nervous system
whats the layer of the skin?
Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis
What some factors about the epidermis?
The outer layer of the skin ,Composed of stratified epithelial cells,The epidermis does not contain a blood supply ,Contains Merkel cells- touch receptors
what is the order of the epidermis layers
Stratum Corneum,Stratum Lucidum,Stratum Granulosum. Stratum Spinosum,Stratum Basale
what are some facts about the skin color
Stratum Basale contains melanocytes that produce melanin,The amount of melanin produced is based on genetics, Exposure to sunlight causes melanocytes to produce more melanin
What is Dermis structure and function
Contains two layers
What is the Papillary layer?
contains capillaries and sensory receptors and take on a rigid pattern responsible for your fingerprint called dermal papillae.
what is the Reticular layer?
includes blood and lymphatic vessels, sweat and oil glands, muscles, hair follicles, and nerve endings
what do Meissner receptors do?
detect light touch
what does the Pacinian corpuscle do?
detect deep pressure and vibrational change, Free nerve endings,respond to pain, light touch, and temperature variations
what is Sudoriferous glands all about?
Distributed throughout the body with high concentration in under arms, palms and soles of feet, and the forehead
what are Eccrine glands
cover most of the body. Sweat is clear that contains mostly water that opens directly onto the skin.
what are Apocrine glands
Located on genitals and armpits. Secrete a milky fluid that secretes onto the hair follicles.
where are Sebaceous Glands located
Located all over the body accept for palms of hands and soles of feet,Empty into hair follicles and directly on skin
what is the function of Sebaceous Glands
Produce oily substance called sebum
Keep skin and hair soft and kill bacteria
What is the Hair follicles structure
Bulb-shaped and with an arrector pili attached on either side
What does Hair color do
Melanocytes in the follicle produce the pigment that gives hair its color. As a person ages, melanocytes produce less melanin turning hair gray or white.
What does Hair texture do?
The shape of the hair follicle. A round follicle produces straight hair; a oval follicle produces wavy hair; and a flat-shaped follicle produces curly hair
what are goosebumps
When cold or frightened the arrector pili muscles contract pulling the hair upright causing goosebumps. The erect hair traps a layer of air close to the skin, adding insulation to help warm the body
what are 3 structures for Nails
Nail bed: located underneath the nail
Nail matrix: the thickened hard part of the nail. Are clear but appear pink due to the blood supply under the nail bed. This is where the nail grows
Lunule: the crescent portion located on top but located towards the bottom of the nail matrix
What is Hypodermis
Made of adipose tissue
Source of energy
Padding and insulating the interior of the body
Connects skin to muscle
