integumentary system Flashcards
what is a burn?
injuries to skin caused by excessive heat
first degree burn
burn just affects the epidermis
symptoms of first degree burns
hyperesthesia, erythema, no blisters
second degree burns
affects epidermis and dermis;
symptoms of second degree burns
hyperesthesia, erythema, blisters
third degree burns
affects all layers of skin (full thickness)
symptoms of third degree burns
anesthesia and/or hyperesthesia,black charred tissue (dead)
acne
inflammatory disorder of the sebaceous glands that produces bumps on the skin
albinism
an inherited condition where there is no melanin production in skin
alopecia
Hair loss due to aging, illness, or iatrogenic
Cicatrix
scar
cyanosis
The appearance of blue skin due to a lack of circulation (oxygen) or vasoconstriction
Ecchymosis
bruise caused by ruptured capillaries beneath the skin
Eczema
(dermatitis) autoimmune, acute or chronic skin lesions characterized by erythema,
itchiness, and edema (swelling)
Gangrene
necrotic tissue
Keloid
Cicatrix gone wild/wrong
Impetigo
Bacterial infection highly contagious usu children and usu on face
Basal Cell Carcinoma
nice cancer; slow growing; seldom metastasizes
Kaposi’s Sarcoma
cancer that looks purplish patches (erythematous) in the lining of the
nose, mouth, throat, and other organs…usu in AIDS patients.
Malignant Melanoma
mean cancer; aggressive spreading cancer of melanocytes
ABCDE rule
Asymmetry, Border, Color, Diameter, Evolution
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
middle of the road cancer of squamous cells in skin
Cyst
A thick-walled pouch or sac containing fluid and pus down deep.
Macule
freckle
nevus
mole
Nodule
a red solid skin elevation with a diameter & >1cm
Papule
A red solid skin elevation with a diameter & <1cm
Polyp
skin tag
Pustule
a small infected skin elevation that contains pus (abscess)
Ulcer
an open sore or erosion of the skin (decubitus ulcer or bedsore or pressure sore)
Vesicle
blister
Wheal
hives-slightly swollen area that is redder or paler than the surrounding skin-
autoimmune conditions
Psoriasis
eczema on steroids…..autoimmune…dry scaly, red, itchy patches on skin
Scabies
bed bugs/parasitic infection of the skin….
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
an autoimmune condition of collagen in the skin, joints, and
internal organs. Inflammation, pain, destruction of healthy tissues.
Tinea
ringworm & athlete’s foot; fungal infection
Vitiligo
complete loss of pigment in one or more areas of the skin -idiopathic
Wart
viral infection of the skin (papilloma virus)
Scratch Test
allergens are placed/scratched on skin to see if you are allergic
Intradermal Skin Test
allergens are injected into skin
Excisional biopsy
Surgical removal of the entire lesion
Incisional biopsy
cut into the tissue for removal of a small piece
Exfoliative cytology
tissue is scraped to look at specifically for bacteria or grown in a
medium to look for fungus
Needle biopsy
a hollow needle is placed inside the lesion to remove a core sample used to
look for cancerous cells
Punch biopsy
a small circular blade that rotates down through the epidermis and dermis
into the subcutaneous layer producing a cylindrical core of tissue.
blepharoplasty
eyelid lift
Cauterization
using heat or electricity or chemicals to cut tissue
Cryosurgery
freezing tissue like a wart (liquid nitrogen)
Dermabrasion
cosmetic procedure using abrasive materials to remove layers of epidermis,
Liposuction
cosmetic procedure used to suck fat out of body….
Mohs Surgery
a way to remove skin cancer by taking it off layer by layer. After each layer is
removed it is viewed under a microscope to see if there are any cancer cells left.
Anesthetic
absence of sensation
Antibiotic
cures bacterial infections
Antifungal
cures fungal infections
Antiviral
cures viral infections
Corticosteroid
anti inflammatory
Immunosuppressant
suppresses immune system
