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Integumentary System (Holbert) > Integumentary System > Flashcards

Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

hair follicle

A

Extends from the epidermal surface to the dermis and produces hair

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2
Q

Eccrine Sudoriferous Gland

A

Produces sweat and functions in thermoregulation

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3
Q

Epidermis

A

superficial layer of skin composed of stratified squamous epithelium

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4
Q

Dermis

A

Under the epidermis and composed mostly of fibrous connective tissue

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5
Q

Hypodermis

A

Subcutaneous tissue deep under the skin and mostly abundant adipose tissue

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6
Q

Increased body temperature

A

Dermal blood vessels will vasodilate to allow heat to dissipate

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7
Q

Decrease body temperature

A

Dermal blood vessels will vasoconstrict to conserve body heat

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8
Q

Melanoma Skin Cancer

A

Very likely to metastasize; most dangerous; cancer of the melanocytes

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9
Q

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A

Appears as a scaly reddened papule; grows rapidly; metastasizes; starts in the stratum spinosum

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10
Q

Lunule

A

White crescent area located over the nail matrix

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11
Q

Hemoglobin, Carotene, and Melanin

A

Pigments that contribute to skin color

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12
Q

Vitamin D

A

Synthesized by the skin and needed for Calcium absorption

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13
Q

Sensory receptors

A

Located in the skin and allows the skin to receive stimuli

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14
Q

Epidermis and Dermis

A

Main layers of the skin

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15
Q

Melanocytes

A

Spidery-shaped cells in the stratum basale that produce melanin; all humans will have about the same amount

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16
Q

First-degree burn

A

Epidermal damage only; redness, edema and pain

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17
Q

Second-degree burn

A

Epidermal and upper dermal damage; redness, pain, and blisters

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18
Q

Third-degree burn

A

Full-thickness damage; gray-white to blackened; no edema or pain; grafts usually necessary

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19
Q

Stratum basale

A

Base/deepest layer of epidermis; active mitosis; composed of melanocytes

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20
Q

Stratum spinosum

A

Layer of epidermis; Kerantinocytes location; squamous cell carcinoma starts here

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21
Q

Stratum granulosum

A

Layer of epidermis; Keratinization begins in this layer

22
Q

Stratum lucidum

A

Layer of epidermis only in thick skin; cells here die from lack of nutrients and oxygen; clear layer

23
Q

Stratum corneum

A

Most superficial layer of the epidermis; horny layer; acts as a water proof barrier

24
Q

Dehydration

A

First threat to life of someone with a critical burn

25
Q

Diffusion

A

Process that allows the avascular epidermis to receive nutrients

26
Q

Apocrine and Eccrine Glands

A

The two types of sudoriferous glands that may be stimulated by both high temperatures and hormones (especially androgens); regulated by the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system

27
Q

Apocrine Sweat Glands

A

Begin functioning at puberty; under hormonal control; located in axillary and anogenital area; function unknown; odorless milky to yellowish colored secretions

28
Q

Eccrine Sweat Glands

A

Secretions 99% water; responsible for body temperature regulation; located on forehead and back

29
Q

Keratin

A

Water-proofing protein found in the skin, hair and nails

30
Q

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

A

Tissue of the epidermal layer of the skin

31
Q

Sebum

A

Oily secretion of sebaceous glands; prevents bacterial invasions of the skin by killing bacteria

32
Q

Sebaceous glands

A

Secrete mixture of oily substances and fragmented cells (sebum); mostly inactive until puberty; stimulated by hormones (especially androgens); infectious inflammation of these glands can result in acne

33
Q

Integumentary System

A

Made up of the skin, hair, nails, and glands

34
Q

Nail Bed

A

Epidermis underneath keratinized nail plate; appears pink in the presence of many blood vessels in the underlying dermis

35
Q

Dermal papillae

A

Located in the papillary layer of the dermis; create dermal and epidermal ridges; create unique fingerprints and footprints

36
Q

Cyanosis

A

Blue skin color

37
Q

Erythema

A

Redness; fever, hypertension, inflammation, embarrassment or allergy

38
Q

Pallor

A

Blanching or pale color; fear, anger, anemia, or low blood pressure

39
Q

Jaundice

A

Yellow cast; liver disorders

40
Q

Bronzing

A

Appearance of a permanent tan; Addison’s disease

41
Q

Ceruminous gland

A

Modified apocrine gland; produces cerumen (ear wax)

42
Q

Mammary gland

A

Modified apocrine gland; produces milk

43
Q

Arrector pili muscle

A

Smooth muscle attached to the hair follicle; responsible for “goose bumps”

44
Q

Hair shaft

A

Area of a hair that extends above the scalp or skin

45
Q

Vernix caseosa

A

Sebaceous gland secretion that protects skin of fetus while in watery amniotic fluid; white, cheesy-looking substance

46
Q

Hair

A

Consists of dead keratinized cells; produced by the hair bulb (deep end of follicle); contains hard keratin

47
Q

Malignant

A

Cancerous

48
Q

Benign

A

Noncancerous; most skin tumors

49
Q

Thick Skin

A

Five epidermal strata; found on palms and soles

50
Q

Thin Skin

A

Four epidermal strata; lacks the clear layer of the epidermis

51
Q

UV radiation

A

Overexposure is the single most important risk factor for skin cancer

Integumentary System (Holbert) (1 decks)

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