integumentary system Flashcards
sebaceous glands
- attached to hair follicle
- produces sebum
sebum?
a mixture of fats, waxes, and other substances that help moisturize skin and hair.
eccrine gland
sweat glands that are found everywhere but especially on your palms, head, and soles
- coiled appearance
-main function to cool us down
apocrine gland
armpits and groin regions
stinks bc bacteria feast on it
not active till puberty
arrector pill muscle
smooth muscle on our skin that makes the base of our hair follicles stand up when the muscle contracts.
5 stratum basale
closest layer to the dermis and basement membrane
cell division often occurs here
4 stratum spinosum
-helps make the skin flexible and strong
-in between stratum basale and stratum granulosum
3 stratum granulosim
-think layer of cells that provides a waterproof barrier that prevents water loss
2 stratum lucidum
-thin, dead layer of skin that protects us from common damages like injuries on our palms or feet
1 stratum corneum
-outermost layer
-prevents things from entering/exiting
-such as water exiting and unwanted bacteria entering
mechanoreceptors
-in your dermis and epidermis
-perceive pain, texture, and vibration
thermoreceptors
-perceive temperature
-found in dermis
nociceptors/free nerve endings
-found in dermis
- pervieve pain
melanocytes
-cells that produce pigment
-manufacture melanin that protects our skin from harmful radiation
pheomelanin
red or blonde hair
eumelanin
black or brown hair
eumelanin
black or brown hair
structures of dermis
-helps protect the skin and connective tissue such as blood and nerves
accessory structures
the hair, nails, and sebaceous glands
hypodermis function
-contains loose connective tissue & adipose
- responsible for storing energy and protecting it from harm
