integumentary system Flashcards

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1
Q

dermatology

A

study of skin

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2
Q

melanocyte

A

cells that produce melanin & bring it to keratinocytes

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3
Q

keratinocyte

A

cells that contain keratin (a tough protein that waterproofs & protects the skin)

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4
Q

psoriasis

A

disorder in which keratinocytes divide & move too quickly to the stranum corneum (causing flaky scaled skin)

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5
Q

callus

A

abnormal thickening of the epidermis

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6
Q

dermal papillae

A

finger-like projections which cause ridges & grooves in the epidermis (fingerprints/footprints)

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7
Q

Meisner’s corpuscles

A

touch receptors

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8
Q

stretch marks

A

red/white streaks on the skin caused by small tears in the dermis from extreme stretching of the skin

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9
Q

Pacinian corpuscles

A

pressure receptors

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10
Q

melanin

A

brown-black skin pigment

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11
Q

albinism

A

inability to produce melanin

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12
Q

carotene

A

yellow-orange pigment in adipose tissue

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13
Q

acne

A

inflammation of sebaceous glands

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14
Q

burn

A

tissue damage from excessive heat, electricity, or chemicals

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15
Q

athletes foot

A

fungal infection of the feet

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16
Q

chickenpox

A

highly contagious viral infection

17
Q

shingles

A

caused by chickenpox virus, more painful

18
Q

cold sore

A

a sore usually in/around the mouth, caused by herpes virus

19
Q

alopecia

A

baldness

20
Q

bedsores

A

a constant deficiency of blood flow to a tissue caused by prolonged pressure

21
Q

eczema/dermatitis

A

itchy red skin inflammation’ (rash)

22
Q

5 functions of the skin

A

protection, synthesis of vitamin d, excretion, sensation, regulation of body temp.

23
Q

skins response to excessive heat/excessive cold

A

heat: increased blood flow to the skin surface to give off heat (vasodilation)
cold: decreased blood flow to the skin surface to conserve heat (vasoconstriction)

24
Q

3 major regions in the skin

A

epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous layer

25
Q

5 layers of the epidermis

A

stratum corneum: top layer
stratum lucidum: only in thick areas of skin
stratum granulosum: acts as a water repellant
stratum spinosum: 8-10 layer
stratum basale: bottom layer

26
Q

what layer of the epidermis isn’t found in all regions of the body?

A

stratum lucidum

27
Q

2 regions of the dermis

A

papillary region, reticular region

28
Q

3 pigments that contribute to skin color

A

melanin, carotene, hemoglobin

29
Q

3 parts that makeup hair structure

A

shaft, root, follicle

30
Q

2 types of sudoriferous (sweat) glands

A

eccrine sweat glands, apocrine sweat glands

31
Q

3 types of skin cancer

A

basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma

32
Q

3 types of burns

A

first, second, third-degree burns