Integumentary System Flashcards
A part of the integumentary system and considered to be the largest organ of the human body
skin
The 3 main layers of the skin
Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis
The layers of the Epidermis
Stratum Basalis (Basal cell layer) Stratum Spinosum (prickle cell layer) Stratum Granulosum (granular cell layer) Stratum Lucidum Stratum Corneum (keratin layer)
– layer is deepest and closest to the dermis
– mitotically active and contains melanocytes (produce melanin),
a single row of keratinocytes, and stem cells
Stratum Basalis (Basal cell layer)
– composes most of the epidermis
– contains several layers of cells connected by desmosomes (bind
cells close to each other)
Stratum Spinosum (prickle cell layer)
– contains several layers of cells that contain lipid-rich granules
– cells begin to immortalize and lose their nuclei
Stratum Granulosum (granular cell layer)
– only exists in the thick skin of soles and palms and consists of
mostly immortalized cells
Stratum Lucidum
– keratinized layer serves as a protective overcoat
– outermost layer of the epidermis
Stratum Corneum (keratin layer)
a thick layer of connective tissue consisting of collagen and elastin which allows for skin’s strength and flexibility, respectively
Dermis
What is contained in our dermis?
nerve endings, blood vessels, and adnexal structures
such as hair shafts, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands
A layer of the dermis that folds to form papillae that extend into the epidermis like tiny finger-like projections
Apical Layer (Papillary Dermis)
What are the layers of the dermis?
Apical Layer (Papillary Dermis) and Reticular Dermis
What is the lower layer of the dermis?
Reticular Dermis
TRUE OR FALSE:
The number of melanocytes is the same in all races.
TRUE
Where does our skin color depend on?
Number of Melanin
Size of melanosomes
To what degree do melanosomes aggregate
What parts of our body are truly hairless?
– palms of hands and soles of feet
– distal phalanges and sides of fingers and toes
– parts of the external genitalia
What is your skin color if there is a slower rate of degradation of melanosomes?
DARK SKIN
Parts of the Hair Follicle (Deep to Superficial)
Dermal Papilla Bulb Inne and Outer Root Sheath Dermal Sheath Hair
The human axillary skin that functions for the regulation of body temperature
- excretory ducts of merocrine sweat glands
empty directly onto the surface of the skin
- Narrower lumen
Eccrine
The human axillary skin that secretes milky, proteinaceous, and odorless secretion
- excretory duct empties the sweat into the
the upper part of the hair follicle
- Wider lumen
Apocrine
What are meissner corpuscles also called as?
Wagner-Meissner corpuscles or tactile corpuscles
Where can Meissner Corpuscles be located?
dermal papillae
It is a specialized encapsulated nerve endings that relay fine touch and low-frequency vibration sensations to the central nervous system (CNS) and plays an essential role in somatosensory acuity, especially in the digital extremities and palmar skin
MEISSNER CORPUSCLES
What does apocrine secrete?
secretes milky, proteinaceous, and odorless
secretion
When does the secretion of apocrine only smell foul?
When bacteria are present
an onion-shaped structure of nonneural (connective) tissue built up around the nerve ending that reduces the mechanical sensitivity of the nerve terminal itself
PACINIAN CORPUSCLE
Where can Pacinian Corpuscle be located?
located deep in the dermis of both glabrous and hairy skin
Part of the nail unit that protects the lateral and proximal edges of the nail plate
Nail Folds
Part of the nail unit that functions as a protective seal against any irritants that may disrupt the matrix underneath
Cuticle (eponychium)
Part of the nail unit that is responsible for the formation of the hard nail plate
Nail Matrix
What is the only part of the nail unit that contains melanocytes?
Nail Matrix
Part of the nail unit that has strong attachment points that help the free edge of the nail function as a tool without loosening the nail plate or causing pain
Nail Bed
The part of the nail unit that is hard and has a keratinized structure
Nail Plate
