Integumentary skin & disease( A&P)

Question 1

Compare and contrast pemphigus and the diskoid form of lupus erythematosus (DLE) in terms of the underlying cause and the characteristic skin lesions.

Answer 1

Both are autoimmune diseases.
Pemphigus is characterized by the presence of vesicles (bullae/blisters)
DLE is characterized by papules.

Question 2

What is the difference between pruritus and urticaria? Which is a sign and which is a symptom?

Answer 2

Pruritus means itching, And is a symptom,

urticaria refers to the elevated red patches on the skin and is a sign.

Question 3

Name several pigments that can give color to skin, and identify their sources.

Answer 3

-The main skin pigment is melanin .
-Hemoglobin gives skin a reddish color, but when hemoglobin is deficient or blood flow is abnormally low, the skin has a bluish appearance.
-Circulating bile pigments from the liver can give the skin a yellowish color.
Some dietary pigments can also give color to the skin. For instance, the carotene in some vegetables can give skin a yellow to orange color.

Question 4

Briefly describe two ways in which the skin helps maintain constant body temperature. Make sure you name the specific skin structures involved.

Answer 4

The eccrine sweat glands release a watery solution onto the skin, which evaporates and thereby cools the body.

The blood vessels in the dermis can dilate to increase heat loss to the environment (under hot conditions) or constrict to minimize heat loss from the body (under cold conditions).

Question 5

A vesicle filled with pus is called a(n) _____________.

Answer 5

pustule

Question 6

Mr. L is blushing. The redness in his skin reflects the presence of a blood pigment called ___________.

Answer 6

hemoglobin

Question 7

Tissue death can result in a deep lesion called a(n) __

Answer 7

ulcer

Question 8

A surface skin lesion that is small, round, and neither raised nor depressed is called a(n) _______

Answer 8

macule

Question 9

Inflammation of the skin is called _________

Answer 9

dermatitis

Question 10

Ms. L, aged 15, suffers from blackheads and pimples on her face and neck. The most likely diagnosis is

Answer 10

acne vulgaris

Question 11

A small sac full of fluid is called a(n)
A)	ulcer
B)	fissure
C)	vesicle
D)	nodule

Answer 11

C) vesicle

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a function of skin?
A)	breathing
B)	excretion
C)	sensation
D)	regulation of body temperature

Answer 12

A) breathing

Question 13

An excoriation is a(n)
A)	ulcer
B)	scratch
C)	macule
D)	nodule

Answer 13

B) scratch

Question 14

The maintenance of constant body temperature would be difficult without the actions of the
A)	apocrine glands
B)	meibomian glands
C)	sebaceous glands
D)	eccrine glands

Answer 14

D) eccrine glands

Question 15

The glands that become blocked, resulting in blackheads, are called
A)	eccrine glands
B)	sebaceous glands
C)	ceruminous glands
D)	apocrine glands

Answer 15

B) sebaceous glands

Question 16

A pimple is an example of a(n)
A)	papule
B)	eruption
C)	macule
D)	keloid

Answer 16

A) papule

Question 17

A decubitus ulcer is a(n)
A)	pimple
B)	rash
C)	bedsore
D)	laceration

Answer 17

C) bedsore

Question 18

Another name for eczema is
A)	atopic dermatitis
B)	acne vulgaris
C)	scleroderma
D)	psoriasis

Answer 18

A) atopic dermatitis

Question 19

The scientific name for itching is
A)	pruritus
B)	scleroderma
C)	impetigo
D)	shingles

Answer 19

A) pruritus

Question 20

Shingles is caused by the same virus that causes
A)	mumps
B)	influenza
C)	polio
D)	chickenpox

Answer 20

D) chickenpox

Question 21

Mr. M has erythematous flat areas on his arms and legs that are covered with silvery scales. His father also has the same skin condition. The most likely diagnosis is
A)	atopic dermatitis
B)	psoriasis
C)	impetigo
D)	shingles

Answer 21

B) psoriasis

Question 22

The best treatment for shingles would be a(n)
A)	vermifuge
B)	antibiotic
C)	antiviral drug
D)	immunosuppressant

Answer 22

C) antiviral drug

Question 23

Watery vesicles on the skin and mucous membranes are caused by
A)	herpes simplex virus
B)	herpes zoster virus
C)	human papillomavirus
D)	ringworm

Answer 23

A) herpes simplex virus

Question 24

Which of the following diseases is caused by a fungus?
A)	ringworm
B)	verruca
C)	eczema
D)	acne vulgaris

Answer 24

A) ringworm

Question 25

Alopecia resulting from cancer treatment is a(n)
A) autoimmune disorder
B) iatrogenic disease
C) mycotic disease
D) disease that can be treated with antibiotics

Answer 25

B) iatrogenic disease

Question 26

Ms. L, aged 2, has pustules over her arms and legs. The fluid in the pustules contains many circular bacteria organized in clusters when viewed under the microscope. The most likely diagnosis is
A)	impetigo
B)	shingles
C)	herpes
D)	psoriasis

Answer 26

A) impetigo