Integumentary & Burns Drug List Flashcards
Lactated Ringer’s
Classification: Alkalizing agent
Common Use: source of electrolytes, water, calories (ex. burn pts)
Common Side/Adverse Effects: fever, swelling, SOB, angioedema
Colloid/Albumin IV
Albumin is a natural colloid. Albumin is a blood derivative.
Common uses: Often used for hypovolemia plasma volume expansion and severe burns
Nursing Interventions: Monitor BP for HTN or HoTN. Be alert for fluid overload or pulmonary edema. Monitor I&O.
Normal saline
AKA: Sodium Chloride 0.9%
Classification: crystalloid fluid
Common Use: to replace sodium and fluid in body
Common Side/Adverse Effects: swelling/edema in extremities, weakness, headache
Nursing Interventions: Monitor I&O, daily weight, lung sounds. Monitor serum electrolytes and BP. Monitor s/s of hypernatremia.
Mannitol
Black Box Alert
Trade Names: Aridol, Osmitrol
Classification: osmotic diuretic
Common Use: intraocular or intracranial pressure, cerebral edema
Common Side/Adverse Effects: dry mouth, thirst, blurred vision, fluid and electrolyte balance
Nursing Interventions: Monitor I&O, serum electrolytes. Assess v/s, skin turgor, and mucous membranes. Monitor for s/s of hypernatremia and hyper or hypo kalemia
Teaching Points: Expect increase in urinary frequency. may cause dry mouth
Morphine
Black Box Alert
Trade Names: Duramorph, Embeda, Infumorph, Kadian
Classification: Opioid agonist; opioid analgesic
Common Use: Severe pain, decreases anxiety
Common Side/Adverse Effects: Confusion, sedation, HoTN, constipation, resp depression
Black Box Warning: Addiction, abuse, misuse
Nursing Interventions: Take vitals before and after administration. Watch for decreased resp and BP. Monitor bowel activity/consistency.
Teaching points: Change positions slowly, call for assistance when ambulating. Avoid tasks that require alertness. Avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants. Report constipation, urinary retention, and ineffective pain treatment.
Hydromorphone
Black Box Alert
Trade Names: Dilaudid (HP), Exalgo, Hydromorph
Classification: opioid agonist; narcotic analgesic, antitussive
Common Use: moderate to severe pain
Common Side/Adverse Effects: drowsiness, dizziness, HoTN, respiratory depression
Nursing Interventions: monitor vitals, count respirations after administration. Monitor bowl activity. Initiate deep breathing and cough.
Teaching Points: Avoid alcohol. Avoid tasks that require mental awareness. Change positions slowly. Tolerance to drug may occur.
Fentanyl
Black Box Alert
Trade Names: Actiq, Duragesic
Classification: opioid, narcotic agonist; analgesic
Common Use: severe pain, break through pain
Common Side/Adverse Effects: n&v, headache, dizziness, drowsiness, resp depression
Black Box Warning: Physical and psychological dependence may occur w prolonged use. May cause fatal hypoventilation, and respiratory depression.
Nursing Interventions: Assist with ambulation. Encourage deep breathe and cough. Monitor RR, BP, HR, and o2 sat.
Teaching Points: Avoid alcohol. Don’t take other meds w/o consulting physician. Use as directed to avoid overdosage.
Enoxaparin
Black Box Alert
Trade Names: Lovenox
Classification: antithrombotics, low molecular weight heparins; anticoagulant
Common Use: Prevention of DVT, pulmonary embolism, ischemia complications fr unstable angina, MI, STEMI
Common Side/Adverse Effects: Immune-mediated thrombocytopenia, bleeding episodes
Nursing Interventions: Antidote is protamine sulfate. Monitor CBC esp platelet count. Monitor for bleeding.
Teaching points: Don’t take OTC meds esp aspirin w/o consulting HCP. Report unusual bleeding or bruising.
Citalopram
Black Box Alert
Trade Names: Celexa
Classification: antidepressant
Common Use: depression
Common Side/Adverse Effects: nausea, dry mouth, drowsiness, diaphoresis
Black Box Warning: Increased r/o suicidal ideation and behavior in children, adolescents, and young adults who have major depressive disorder.
Nursing Interventions: Assess appearance, behavior, speech pattern, mood. Supervise suicidal-risk pt during early therapy.
Teaching Points: Don’t stop taking med or increase dose. Avoid tasks that require mental alertness. Report worsening depression, suicidal ideation, or changes in behavior.
Ranitidine
Trade Names: Zantac 75
Classification: histamin H2 receptor antagonist; antiulcer
Common Use: for heartburn, stomach ulcers, GERD
Common Side/Adverse Effects: diarrhea, hepatitis, headache
Nursing Interventions: Assess mental status in elderly pts. Monitor for abd or GI distress. Obtain baseline renal function in pts w renal impairment.
Teaching Points: Avoid alcohol and aspirin. Report any headache. Don’t take med w/in 1 hr of magnesium or aluminum-containing antacids.
Nystatin
Trade Names: Nystop, Pedi-Dri
Classification: antifungal antibiotic
Common Use: infections caused by candida spp
Common Side/Adverse Effects: skin irritation, n&a, diarrhea, GI distress
Nursing Interventions: Assess for increased skin irritation.
Teaching Points: Don’t miss doses. Avoid contact with eyes. Separate personal items in contact w/ affected areas.
Mupirocin ointment
Trade Names: Bactroban Nasal, Centany
Classification: antibiotic (topical)
Common Use: impetigo from S. aureus or S. pyogenes
Common Side/Adverse Effects: pain, burning, or stinging at site
Nursing Interventions: Stop application if skin reacts, clean site, and call provider. Monitor lesions for healing.
Teaching Points: External use only. Avoid contact with eyes. Report skin irritation.
Silver sulfadiazine
Trade Names: Silvadene
Classification: sulfa antibiotic (topical)
Common Use: partial thickness and full thickness burns
Common Side/Adverse Effects: itching or burning at site
Nursing Interventions: Contraindicated for pts with sulfa allergy.
Teaching Points: Let physician and dentist know every medication or supplements you are taking.
Tetanus toxoid
Tetanus vaccine to prevent tetanus, caused by Clostridium tetani bacteria.
Fluorouracil, 5-FU
Trade Names: Carac, Efudex, Fluoroplex, Tolak
Classification: Antimetabolite; antineoplastic
Common Use: Cancer of colon, rectum, breast, stomach, pancreas, head/neck, esophageal
Common Side Effects: Alopecia, dematitis, anorexia, stomatitis
Teaching Points: Maintain strict oral hygiene. Report s/s of infection, unusual bruising/bleeding, visual changes, nausea, diarrhea, palpitations. Avoid sunlight, wear protective clothing and sunscreen.
