Integumentary And Endocrine Flashcards
Integumentary
Protection, vitamin D production, sensory organ, temp regulation, protection against UV light
Epidermis
Outer layer skin, Avascular- no blood vessels
Dermis
Layer of skin under the epidermis, made of collagen and elastic tissue fibers. Contains blood vessels, glands, hair follicles, and nerve endings
Subcutaneous
Not part of the true skin, connects the skin to the muscle, deep pressure
Sudoriferous
Glands secrete sweat mixture, regulates body temp by evaporation of water, eliminates some waste products
Sebaceous
Oil glands usually associated with hair follicles
Nails
Plates of tightly packed cells. Helps to grasp and manipulate small objects
Hair
Growths from epidermis. Guards the scalp from from injury and sunlight
Endocrine system
Made up of glands that release hormones directly into the blood stream
Pituitary
“Master Gland” produces 9 hormones. Works closely with the hypothalamus.
Pituitary hormones
- Growth hormone (GH)
- Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
- Thyroid stimulating (TSH)
- Oxytocin
Thyroid Gland
Bow shaped gland located in the neck below the larynx and around the upper part of the windpipe
Thyroid hormones
-Thyroxine (T4)
Pancreas
Located behind the stomach, also apart of the digestive system
Pancreas hormones
- insulin
- glucagon
Adrenal glands
Two triangular shaped glands that sit on top of each kidney
Adrenal gland hormones
- cortisol (stress)
- Adrenalin (fear)
- Noradrenalin (anger)
Larynx
Voice box
Trachea
Windpipe
The sympathetic response
Fight or flight
Growth Hormone
Produced by front half of pituitary gland. Stimulates production of proteins
ACTH
Produced by the front part of the pituitary gland, stimulates adrenal Cortex. Produced hormones that regulate water balance and electrolyte balance
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Produced by the front half of the pituitary gland, stimulates the thyroid gland to produce hormones that regulate body metabolism
Insulin
Released when blood sugar (glucose) is high. Helps convert glucose into glycogen. And also converts access glucose to storage
Glucagon
Released when blood sugar (glucose) is too low. Helps break down the glycogen in the liver and muscles
Cortisol (stress hormone)
Released from the adrenal cortex. Helps control the rate of the metabolism.
Adrenaline (fear hormone)
Regulates stress response “fight or flight”. Released from the adrenal medulla 80%
Noradrenaline (anger)
Helps regulate stress response “fight or flight”. Released from the adrenal medulla 20%
Type 1 DM
Pancreas does not produce a Pugh insulin to regulate blood sugar. Lifelong
Type 2 DM
Body does not respond correctly to insulin. High levels of sugar in the blood. Most common and usually a life style
Hypothyroidism
When the thyroid gland fails to produce enough thyroid hormone
Hyperthyroidism
When the thyroid gland produces too much if the thyroid hormones
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- clinical trials research coordinator
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