integumentary Flashcards
What are the structures of the skin you need to recognize and name?
Epidermis
Dermis (papillary and reticular layers)
Hair follicles and hair
Sebaceous glands
Sweat glands
Sensory receptors
What are the two regions of the skin and their tissue types?
Epidermis: Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Dermis: Papillary region (areolar connective tissue) and reticular region (dense irregular connective tissue)
What is the purpose of identifying the regions of the skin?
To compare the properties of the epidermis to the dermis.
What are the layers (strata) of the epidermis?
Stratum basale
Stratum spinosum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum lucidum (thick skin only)
Stratum corneum
What is the function of the skin derivatives?
To describe the distribution and function of:
* Sebaceous glands
* Sweat glands
* Sensory receptors
What is the function of melanocytes?
To produce melanin, which protects the skin from UV radiation.
What are the two regions of the skin?
Epidermis:
* Stratum basale
* Stratum spinosum
* Stratum granulosum
* Stratum lucidum (thick skin only)
* Stratum corneum
Dermis:
* Papillary region (areolar connective tissue)
* Reticular region (dense irregular connective tissue)
What lies below the skin?
The subcutaneous layer (hypodermis) made of adipose tissue.
What are the appendages of the skin?
Hair and Associated Structures:
* Hair
* Hair follicle
* Arrector pili muscle
* Root plexus
Cutaneous Glands:
* Sebaceous gland (sebum)
* Sudoriferous gland (sweat)
Sensory Receptors:
* Pacinian corpuscle
* Meissner’s corpuscle
* Nail
What should you identify on models and slides?
Epidermis: Identify layers on models and (some) slides.
Dermis: Identify structures on models and slides.
Cutaneous Glands: Identify on models and slides.
Which slide is best for identifying melanin?
Pigmented skin slide.
Which slide is best for identifying hair and glands?
Scalp slide.
Which slides are best for identifying receptors?
Meissner’s and Vater-Pacini slides.
What are the best slides for viewing the layers of the epidermis?
Stratum corneum, stratum granulosum, and stratum basale – best seen on Meissner’s slides.
Melanin – best seen on pigmented skin slides.
What are the layers of the dermis?
Papillary region (areolar connective tissue)
Reticular region (dense irregular connective tissue)
Which receptors are best seen on Vater-Pacini slides?
Pacinian corpuscles.
Where can you see Meissner’s corpuscles?
Only on Meissner’s slides.
Which glands are best seen on scalp slides and good skin slides?
Sudoriferous glands
Sebaceous glands
Where can you best observe hair follicles and hair?
On scalp slides.
Why is the arrector pili muscle difficult to see on microscope slides?
It is only visible on models and very difficult to see on slides.
Where can Pacinian corpuscles best be seen?
On Vater-Pacini slides.
What are the two types of cutaneous glands?
Sebaceous glands: Produce sebum (oil).
Sudoriferous glands: Produce sweat.
What are the two main sensory receptors?
Pacinian corpuscle: Detects deep pressure and vibration.
Meissner’s corpuscle: Detects light touch and texture.
Which activities are optional?
Activity 2: Nail
Activity 5: Plotting distribution of sweat glands
Activity 6: Fingerprints
What tissue type makes up the epidermis?
Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.
Which connective tissue is found in the papillary layer?
Areolar connective tissue.
Which connective tissue is found in the reticular layer?
Dense irregular connective tissue.
Where are melanocytes found?
In the stratum basale of the epidermis.
What structure causes hair to stand on end?
Arrector pili muscle.
