INTEGUMENTARY Flashcards
means covering
SKIN / INTEGUMENT
2 DISTINCT LAYER
EPIDERMIS/DERMIS
the skin provides protection against abrasion and ultraviolet
light; it also prevents the entry of microorganisms and dehydration by reducing water loss from the body.
PROTECTION
it has sensory receptors that can detect heat, cold, touch,
pressure, and pain.
SENSATION
when exposed to ultraviolet light, the skin produces a molecule that can be transformed into vit D.
VITAMIN D PRODUCTION
body temperature is regulated by controlling blood flow through the skin and the activity of the sweat glands.
TEMPERATURE REGULATION
small amounts of waste products are lost through the skin
and in gland secretions.
EXCRETION
UNDER THE DERMIS
HYPODERMIS
responsible for most of the structural strength of the skin
DERMIS
prevents water loss and resists abrasion.
EPIDERMIS
changing of shape and chemical composition during movement of cells; cells become filled with the protein keratin which makes the
cells hard.
KERATINIZATION
Produces keratin that protects the skin & the underlying tissues
KERATINOCYTES
Usually associated with a disc-like sensory nerve ending to form the ____
MERKEL CELLS
responsible for skin pigmentation or color (brown-black pigment)
MELANOCYTES
Non-pigmented granular dendrocytes
LANGERHANS CELLS
deepest stratum
STRATUM BASALE
1 or more layers of granular/flattened cells (contain fibers of keratin &
shriveled nuclei)
STRATUM GRANULOSUM
Spiny layer
STRATUM SPINOSUM
Thin, clear layer
STRATUM LUCIDUM
Hornlike or cornified layer; most superficial stratum
STRATUM CORNEUM
Upper layer in contact with the epidermis 1/5 of the entire dermis
STRATUM PAPILLAROSUM
Contains many phagocytes, & both collagen and elastic
fibers
STRATUM RETICULAROSUM
pigments in the skin; blood circulating through the skin, and the thickness of the stratum corneum determine the skin color.
SKIN COLOR
yellow, brown or black
MELANIN
orange-yellow/yellowish
CAROTENE
pigment in the RBC
HEMOGLOBIN
The presence of hair is one of the characteristics common to all mammal. If the hair is thick, covering most of the body surface,
FUR
Medulla, Cortex & Cuticle
HAIR SHAFT
are below the surface;
ROOT AND HAIR BULB
hard bark of the hair;
CORTEX
the softer center;
MEDULLA
covers the cortex; a single layer of overlapping cells that holds the hair in the hair follicle;
CUTICLE
an extension of the epidermis deep into the dermis, it can play an important role in tissue repair.
HAIR FOLLICLE
Pubic area, axilla, chest, extremities (male), beard (during puberty), scalp,eyelids, eyelashes
TERMINAL
Fine body hair of children & adult women
VELLUS
Are ALL exocrine glands – release secretions to skin surface via ducts
CUTANEOUS GLANDS
Found ALL over the skin EXCEPT: palms & soles
SEBACEOUS GLANDS
Widely distributed in the skin
SUDORIFEROUS GLANDS
Clear (water + salt); vitamin C, traces of metabolic wastes, and lactic acid
ECCRINE/MEROCRINE
Axillary & genitalia
APOCRINE
Thin plates of dead stratum corneum cells containing a very hard type of keratin
NAILS
