Integumentary Flashcards
4 cardinal signs of inflammation
- rubor (redness)
- calor (increased heat)
- tumor (swelling)
- dolor (pain)
- functiolaesa (loss of function)
cherry red palmar erythema could indicate what
liver or renal issues
brown color associated w/
venous insufficiency - hemosiderinosis
hair changes w/ hypo and hyperthyroidism
hypo - thinning hair
hyper - silky hair
hirsutism
- what does it indicate
male pattern hair growth (facial and body) in women
- may indicate polycystic ovary syndrome
indolent ulcer
slow to heal ulcer; not painful
What is contraindicated w/ shingles?
heat or ultrasound - can increase severity of symptoms
butterfly rash across nose is indicative of what
systemic lupus erythematosus
systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)
- what accompanies it?
autoimmune disease of connective tissue causing fibrosis of skin, joints, blood vessels, and internal organs
- accompanied by Raynaud’s
PT management of systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)
slow development of contractures and deformities, skin management, exercise, and joint protection
- pt are sensitive to pressure
polymyositis affects what
primarily proximal muscles - shoulder and pelvic girdles, pharynx
- symmetrical distribution
characterized by edema, inflammation, and degeneration of proximal muscles
PT management of plymyositis
fatigue management
- low level exercise
ABCDEs of skin cancer
Asymmetry
Border
Color
Diameter
Elevation (evolving)
arterial vs venous ulcers: pulses
arterial - decreased or absent
venous - usually present
arterial vs venous ulcers: pain
arterial - painful, especially if legs elevated
venous - little pain, comfortable w/ legs elevated
arterial vs venous ulcers: drainage
arterial - not present
venous - moderate to large amounts of exudate
arterial vs venous ulcers: associated signs
arterial - trophic changes, pallor on foot elevation, dusky rubor on dependency
venous - edema, stasis dermatitis, possible cyanosis on dependency
high compression is contraindicated w/ ABI ____
ABI < 0.7
All sustained compression is contraindicated w/ ABI , 0.6 or active DVT
hyper vs hypotrphic scare
hyper - raised scar that stays within the boundaries of the burn wound
hypo - flat and depressed below the surrounding skin
keloid scar
- who is it more common in?
raised scar that extends beyond the boundaries of the original burn wound and is red, raised, and firm
- more common in young women and those w/ dark skin
goals for burn rehab
- limit loss of ROM
- reduce edema
- prevent predictable contractures through positioning and splinting
- prevent or reduce complications of immobilization
common deformity and what to stress w/ burn: anterior neck
common deformity is flexion
stress hyperextension position w/ firm cervical orthosis
common deformity and what to stress w/ burn: shoulder
common deformity is flexion and pronation
stress extension and supination; position in extension w/ posterior arm splint
common deformity and what to stress w/ burn: elbow
common deformity is a claw hand
stress wrist extension, MP flexion, PIP, DIP extension, thumb abduction
common deformity and what to stress w/ burn: hip
common deformity is flexion and adduction
stress hip extension and abduction; position in extension, abduction, neutral rotation
common deformity and what to stress w/ burn: knee
common deformity is flexion
stress extension; position in posterior knee splint
common deformity and what to stress w/ burn: ankle
common deformity is PF
stress DF; position in splint w/ neutral ankle
red flags for burn rehab
- postgrafting: discontinue exercise for 3-5 days to allow grafts to heal
- avoid shearing and avoid prolonged dependent positioning
viable vs nonviable wound bed dressing
viable - choose dressing that promotes moist wound healing and fills dead space
nonviable - choose the best type of debridement to remove necrotic tissues, slough, or bioburden
T/F: Whirlpool therapy is not supported for wound care
true
BMI less than or = to _____ means there is increased risk for pressure injury
BMI </= 21 w/ weight loss
interventions for chronic arterial insufficiency
exercise - walking 3-5 x wk, 30-60 min
contraindications - chronic ischemic rest pain, ulcerations, gangrene, or ABI < 0.4
Stage 1 pressure injuries are characterized by
nonblanchable erythema of intact skin. In this scenario, the skin is not intact.
Stage 2 pressure injuries are characterized by
partial-thickness skin loss involving the epidermis, dermis, or both (e.g., abrasion, blister, or shallow crater).
Stage 3 pressure injuries are characterized by
full-thickness skin loss involving damage to or necrosis of subcutaneous tissue that may extend down to but not through underlying fascia (deep crater with or without undermining).
Stage 4 pressure injuries are characterized by
full-thickness skin loss with extensive destruction, tissue necrosis, or damage to muscle, bone, or supporting structures (e.g., tendon or joint capsule).
Which of the following tests is MOST accurate for assessing volume reduction in a patient who has lymphedema?
Water displacement
Uveitis is commonly found in patients who have
ankylosing spondylitis
Urethritis is commonly found in patients who have
Reiter syndrome
Reiter syndrome
reactive arthritis - caused by an infection
common findings in patients who have systemic lupus erythematosus
Skin rashes, fever, fatigue, malaise, photosensitivity, dyspnea, cough, and peripheral neuropathies
Psoriasis is commonly seen in patients who have
psoriatic arthritis
Pitting is generally more pronounced in the_____stages of lymphedema
early
