Integument Pt. 2

Question 1

types of benign tumors

Answer 1

Seborrheic keratosis
Actinic keratosis
Nevi

Question 2

Seborrheic keratosis

Answer 2

common in older adults

lesions of all different sizes; generally flat,

Question 3

Actinic keratosis

Answer 3

• pre-malignant tumor

- caused by prolonged periods of unprotected sun exposure

Question 4

Nevi

Answer 4

-caused by increased deposits of melanin on the skin

Question 5

Vascular disorders

Answer 5

Cutaneous vasculitisUrticaria

Question 6

Different types of Skin Cancer

Answer 6

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Squamous Cells Carcinoma

Question 7

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Answer 7

Most common cancer in the world

• Numerous subtypes
• Grows slowly, often ulcerates, develop crusts, and is firm to the touch
• Metastasis is rare

Question 8

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Answer 8

-More like to spread to other areas
-Tumor of the epidermis
-Second most common human cancer
-In situ or invasive
-Rarely invade surrounding tissue
pre-cursors: sun exposure and leukoplakia(mouth has white film or coating) generally caused by tobacco use

Question 9

Burns Stages (table 41-8, pg. 10740

Answer 9

1st degree: affects the epidermis, sun burn
the skin is intact heals on its own

2nd degree: more severe, tissue damage goes down deeper into the skin causing blisters(filled with fluid)

3rd degree: Full thickness
-Epidermis, dermis, and underlying subcutaneous tissue

4th degree:(dont worry about this)

• Full-thickness and deeper tissue
  - Epidermis, dermis, and underlying subcutaneous tissue, tendons, muscle, and bone

Question 10

Why does a burn hurt

Answer 10

Nerve damage

Question 11

What is a contract?

Answer 11

Burns that go around an extremity or joint to where once it heals it is not able to move as properly

Question 12

How do you estimate a burn injury?

Slide 49

Answer 12

The rule of nines

**must Know this

Question 13

What happens during major burns?

Answer 13

Fluid, electrolytes, and protein are loss into tissues. This leads to **edema, decreased BP, and hypovolemia

You loss fluid from the blood which enters the tissue leading to swelling, BP goes down heart rate goes up

Question 14

What is Burn shock

Answer 14

Massive electrolyte and fluid loss

• decreased cardiac contractility and decreased cardiac output with inadequate capillary perfusion
• Fluid and protein move out of the circulatory system. Results in High Hct (hematocrit) and WBC and low protein
• the liver enlarges, because it is the site of blod clotting factors which is also affected; it increases the risk of blood clots forming

Question 15

Burn Shock Continues (Slide 55 & 56)

Answer 15

Metabolic Shoots up
-Greater than 40% results in
Systemic hypermetabolic state (AKA flow phase)
-Increased internal temperature (this will affect core and skin temperature)
-Tachycardia, hypercapnia, and muscle wasting

• Inflammatory response
  - Localized
  - Cytokines are released
  - Can lead to systemic response (high blood sugar)

-Impaired wound healing and decreased immune system

Question 16

Stomach ulcers as a result of a burn

Answer 16

perlings ulcer

Question 17

aolpecia
hirsutism
paronchyia
onychomycosis

Answer 17

definitions

Question 18

Age related changes

Answer 18

skin integrity