Insulin Flashcards

1
Q

Rapid Acting (clear)

A
Humalog (Lispro)
Onset: 10 - 15 minutes
Peak: 1 hour
Duration: 3 hours
Used for: Rapid reduction of blood sugar
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2
Q

Short Acting (clear)

A
Regular ("R")
Onset: 30 minutes - 1 hour
Peak: 2 - 3 hours
Duration: 4 - 6 hours
Give 20 - 30 minutes ac
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3
Q

Intermediate Acting (cloudy)

A
NPH / "Humulin N" / "Lente Humulin L"
Onset: 3 - 4 hours
Peak: 4 - 12 hours
Duration: 16 - 20 hours
Give PC
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4
Q

Long Acting (cloudy)

A
Ultralente "UL"
Onset: 6 - 8 hours
Peak: 12 - 16 hours
Duration: 20 - 30 hours
Controls FPG
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5
Q

Long Acting (clear)

A
Glargine (Lantus)
Onset: 1 hour
Peak: No peak
Duration: 24 hours
Do NOT mix with other insulins
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6
Q

70 / 30

A

70/30 Insulin: 70% NPH (cloudy) / 30% Regular (clear)

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7
Q

What / When

A

Rapid (Homolog or Lispro) and Short Acting (Regular) cover means immediately AFTER the injection

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8
Q

Intermediate

A

Intermediate acting (NPH, cloudy) is expected to cover subsequent meals

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9
Q

Long Acting

A

Provides a relatively constant level of insulin and act as a Basal Insulin

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10
Q

Route

A

Only Regular Insulin is given IV

And… Rotate sites

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11
Q

Mixing

A

When mixing Insulins withdraw Regular and then the NPH. Remember Rule: “clear to cloudy!”

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12
Q

Metformin

A

Metformin is for people with type 2 diabetes. Metformin is sometimes used in combination with insulin or other medications, but it is NOT for treating type 1 diabetes.

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13
Q

Metformin - Things to Avoid

A

Avoid drinking alcohol. It lowers blood sugar and may increase your risk of lactic acidosis while taking metformin.

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14
Q

Metformin - Side Effects

A

This medication may cause lactic acidosis (a build-up of lactic acid in the body, which can be fatal). Lactic acidosis can start slowly and get worse over time. Get emergency medical help if you have even mild symptoms of lactic acidosis, such as:

  • muscle pain or weakness
  • numb or cold feeling in your arms and legs
  • trouble breathing
  • feeling dizzy, light-headed, tired, or very weak
  • stomach pain, nausea with vomiting
  • slow or uneven heart rate.
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