Instruments theory

Question 1

instruments in brass family

Answer 1

French horn, tuba, trombone

Question 2

difference b/w trumpet and cornet

Answer 2

cornet is smaller, (tube is same length) sounds more mellow

Question 3

ancestors of trumpet

Answer 3

natural trumpet (metal), animal horns and seashells

Question 4

embouchure

Answer 4

use of lips, facial muscles tongue and teeth

Question 5

what does tightening the lips in brass instruments do?

Answer 5

alters the pitch by changing vibration in the air

Question 6

how did they alter the key / tune horn instruments in 19th century?

Answer 6

inserting crooks into horn

Question 7

when was the piston valve invented

Answer 7

1830s

Question 8

what the does piston valve do?

Answer 8

when a piston is pressed, it diverts air flow to extra tubes

Question 9

what key is the trumpet most commonly tuned to?

Answer 9

B flat

Question 10

a) true or false, Trumpet is a transposing instrument

b) what is a transposing instrument

Answer 10

true

when played the notes may sound higher/ lower than what is written (trumpet is lower)

Question 11

what is a cylindrical bore

Answer 11

the main tube is the same width over its length, gives trumpet its bright sound

Question 12

range of trumpet

Answer 12

lower f# to high c

Question 13

what is a mute

Answer 13

inserted front of bell to change tone and/ or volume

examples include straight, wah-wah and plunger

Question 14

when was the saxophone invented

Answer 14

1840s

Question 15

important musicians that make saxophone synonymous with jazz

Answer 15

Johnny Dodds, Bud Freeman and later Lester young. John Coltrane, Charlie parker

Question 16

Saxaphones are transposing instruments, list the key each saxophone is played in

Answer 16

soprano and tenor = B flat (sound an octave apart)

Alto and Baritone = E flat (sound an octave apart)

Question 17

range of saxaphones

Answer 17

all have the same range of lower B flat to high f

Question 18

what is a conical bore

Answer 18

the tube gradually increases in diameter

Question 19

when was the modern acoustic guitar created

Answer 19

around 1850 by Antonio de Torres Jurando

Question 20

general length of guitar

Answer 20

95-110 cm

Question 21

a) what is the hole of a guitar called

b) what is a fret

Answer 21

a) sound hole

b) thin metal strip across fingerboard. pressing finger against each fret from the 1st increases pitch by a semitone

Question 22

Order of string note names from lowest to highest (there should be 6)

Answer 22

E A D G B E

Question 23

does the guitar sound higher or lower than the written notes

Answer 23

octave lower (the guitar transposes by an octave)

Question 24

written range of guitar?

Answer 24

Low E to high high c

Question 25

how to create vibrato on guitar?

Answer 25

rocking the fretting hand while holding a note