Instruments theory Flashcards
instruments in brass family
French horn, tuba, trombone
difference b/w trumpet and cornet
cornet is smaller, (tube is same length) sounds more mellow
ancestors of trumpet
natural trumpet (metal), animal horns and seashells
embouchure
use of lips, facial muscles tongue and teeth
what does tightening the lips in brass instruments do?
alters the pitch by changing vibration in the air
how did they alter the key / tune horn instruments in 19th century?
inserting crooks into horn
when was the piston valve invented
1830s
what the does piston valve do?
when a piston is pressed, it diverts air flow to extra tubes
what key is the trumpet most commonly tuned to?
B flat
a) true or false, Trumpet is a transposing instrument
b) what is a transposing instrument
true
when played the notes may sound higher/ lower than what is written (trumpet is lower)
what is a cylindrical bore
the main tube is the same width over its length, gives trumpet its bright sound
range of trumpet
lower f# to high c
what is a mute
inserted front of bell to change tone and/ or volume
examples include straight, wah-wah and plunger
when was the saxophone invented
1840s
important musicians that make saxophone synonymous with jazz
Johnny Dodds, Bud Freeman and later Lester young. John Coltrane, Charlie parker
Saxaphones are transposing instruments, list the key each saxophone is played in
soprano and tenor = B flat (sound an octave apart)
Alto and Baritone = E flat (sound an octave apart)
range of saxaphones
all have the same range of lower B flat to high f
what is a conical bore
the tube gradually increases in diameter
when was the modern acoustic guitar created
around 1850 by Antonio de Torres Jurando
general length of guitar
95-110 cm
a) what is the hole of a guitar called
b) what is a fret
a) sound hole
b) thin metal strip across fingerboard. pressing finger against each fret from the 1st increases pitch by a semitone
Order of string note names from lowest to highest (there should be 6)
E A D G B E
does the guitar sound higher or lower than the written notes
octave lower (the guitar transposes by an octave)
written range of guitar?
Low E to high high c
