Instruments/Equiptment Flashcards
What are examples of cutting hand instruments?
excavators
chisels
What are examples of non-cutting hand instruments?
amalgam condensers
mirrors
explorers
probes
just know it I guess
Why is the shank of a hand instrument angled?
to allow the cutting edge of the blade to be within the projected axis of the handle
What are the different shank angles of the hand instruments?
What are some examples of bi-bevels?
chisels
ordinary hatchets
What is an example of single bevel instruments?
gingival margin trimmers
What are the 1, 2, 3, 4 hand instrument formulas?
1) width of blade
2) angle of cutting edge to instrument shaft
3) length of blade
4) angle of blade
What formula number is not always included?
second number (cutting edge angle)
What hand instruments do we actually use every time we prep?
mirror
explorer
perio probe
spoon excavators
What should be in your non-dominant hand at all times?
mirror
What hand instruments do we actually use every time for amalgam restorations?
mirror
amalgam carriers
condensors
burnishers
carvers
articulating paper holder
What hand instruments do we actually use every time for composite restorations?
mirror
composite gun
condensers
burnishers
hollenback carver or optrasculpt
curing light
articualting paper holder
What instruments are sometimes using in class II restorations?
shepherd’s hook explorer
matrix band
forceps
dycal instrument and spatula
What are cutting instruments used for?
sharpen line angles
place retention
What are spoons used for?
remove caries
What do enamel hatches do?
cut enamel
What are chisels used for?
plane walls of prep
What are gingival margin trimmers used for?
bevel enamel at gingival
What are some examples of condensing instruments?
amalgam condensers
composite and plastic instruments
What are rotary instruments used for?
◦ Prepare enamel
◦ Adjust resin restorations
◦ Finish metal and resin restorations
◦ Laboratory Work
◦ Surgical Removal of Bone
What are the characteristics of carbide burs?
stiffer and stronger than steel
more brittle
What are the characteristics of diamond burs?
higher hardness
cutting effectivness
What are diamond burs used for?
- Intracoronal and extracoronal tooth preparations
- Bevel enamel margins
- Enameloplasty
What are some potential hazards with cutting instruments?
- pulpal precautions (light pressure, air-water sprays, sharp burs)
- soft tissue precautions (rubber damn, retract soft tissue with mirror/cotton role)
How should you hold instrument?
modified pen grasp
inverted pen grasp
palm-and-thumb grasp
modified palm-and-thumb grasp
What can happen with dull instruments?
more pressure needed
more pain
less control
takes longer
reduces quality
What can you use to sharpen hand instruments?
- stationary stones
- mechanical sharpeners
- handpiece sharpening stones
What is sterilization?
A process by which all forms of microbial life including bacteria, viruses, spores and fungi are completely destroyed
What are the four acceptable methods of sterilization?
◦ Autoclave
◦ Dry heat
◦ Chemiclave
◦ Ethylene oxide
What is autoclaving?
◦ Uses steam under pressure
◦ 250 °F, 15 PSI, 20 mins
◦ Shelves for cassettes
What is dry heat?
◦ Oven-type sterilizer
◦ 320 °F, 60 to 120 mins
What is chemiclaving?
◦ Chemical vapor pressure
◦ Uses chemical solution in a pressurized chamber
◦ 270 °F, 20 to 40 PSI, 20 mins
◦ Proper ventilation must be installed
What is ethylene oxide?
◦ Several hours, below 100°C
◦ Proper ventilation must be installed
