Instruments & Equipment Flashcards
Stethoscope
Auscultate heart, lungs, digestive organs
Wood light
Confirm or rule out ringworm infection
Refractometer
Measure total solids in plasma and USG
Fecalyzers
Sets up a faecal test for presence of parasites
Otoscope
Instrument to check ear canal and drum
Ophthalmoscope
Instrument to check eye’s interior & exterior
Tourniquet
Occludes a blood vessel so a venepuncture can be performed
Ear bulb syringe
Delivers cleansing solutions to ear canal, or to flush wounds
Faecal loop
Retrieves a sample of faeces from rectum
Oesophageal stethoscope
Measures heart beat during anaesthesia
Endotracheal tube (ET-tube)
Establishes an open airway to deliver gas anaesthesia or oxygen during anaesthesia
Tracheostomy tube
Establishes an airway through trachea wall in patient with upper airway obstruction or critical illness
Indwelling intravenous catheter
Establishes an IV port to deliver IV fluids
Central venous catheter
Establishes an IV port to deliver IV fluids over extended period of time or to measure central venous pressure or blood pressure by placement in artery
Intravenous drip set
Provides connection between IV catheter and IV fluids to regulate flow of fluids
T-Port / Extension port
Establishes two injection ports into one catheter
Injection cap
Closes off end of a catheter
Urethral catheter
Catheterizes dog or cat
Penrose drain
Provides body fluids a path to exit body
(X-Ray measuring) Calliper
Measures animal’s body parts to determine which setting to use on radiograph
Laryngoscope handle
Holds laryngeal speculums
Laryngeal speculum
Exposes the tracheal opening by placing pressure in front of epiglottis
Doppler (ultrasonic blood flow monitor)
Determines blood pressure
Pulse Oximeter
Monitor pulse & respiration rates, O2 saturation and body temperature during surgery. A clamp device is attached to tongue or genitals to monitor pulse & arterial O2. RR is monitored by temp sensor that’s placed inside of ET-tube attachment.
Multi-Parameter Monitor
Gathers vital signs from patient during anaesthetic procedure (T, HR, RR, SPO2, BP, MAP, ECG, EtCO2)
Gas Anaesthesia Machine
Use to induce and maintain anaesthesia. Includes a bottle-shaped vaporizer that mixes and vaporizes anaesthetic agent with O2, a O2-flow meter set to deliver appropriate level of O2, a soda-lime canister to absorb CO2 from exhaled breaths, and a pop-off valve and scavenger port to allow excessive gas to be vented.
Ambu bag
Delivers room air or O2 from a tank to a patient in respiratory distress. Usually used when ET-tube is in place. Bag is squeezed, forcing air into lungs. Size dependent on animal size.
Infusion pump
Regulates mechanically the fluid flow into a patient.
Endoscope
To view the GT-tract via oral cavity or rectum or to view the reproductive tract via the vagina. Also used to perform surgery, biopsy, or culturing through a small incision that allows access to other body cavities.
Autoclave
Render objects sterile by steam, heat & pressure. Consists of a chamber, a heavy door, and a water source with distilled water.
Mosquito Forceps
Clamps or occludes small capillaries or vessel. Transverse grooves on entire jaw. 10cm.
Crile Forceps
Occludes vessels such as small uterine horns or small-medium-sized blood vessels. Transvers grooves on entire jaw. Most commonly used for dogs & cats. 17cm.
Kelly Forceps
Occludes small-medium-sized vessels. Transverse grooves only on top half of jaws. The lower smooth area allows user to clamp tubing without worrying about cutting the tubing. 16cm.
Rochester Carmalt Forceps
Clamps large tissue bundles that have a lumen or contain blood vessels. First ¼ of the jaws has grooves that run both longitudinal & transverse. The other ¾ have longitudinal grooves only. When instrument is placed perpendicular to the blood vessel, it occludes the vessel and prevents the blood from flowing. Other instrument’s transverse grooves allow continuous blood flow.
Rochester-Péan Forceps
Clamps blood vessels or controls large tissue bundles. Jaws have transverse grooves along jaws for good crushing.18cm.
Rochester-Ochsner Forceps
Clamps blood vessels or grasps tissue. Jaws have transverse grooves for good crushing. The tips of jaws have teeth that are 1x2, like a tissue forceps. Teeth prevent slippage of large tissue bundles. 18cm.
Angiotribe Forceps
Powerfully crushes and creates a fold in tissue. One jaw has raised ridge that runs down the centre, opposite jaw has a fitting groove. Both jaws have grooves Often included in spay packs for uterine horns & spermatic cords. 18cm
Rat-Tooth Forceps
Grasps skin anther dense tissue to place sutures. Can cause extensive damage to delicate tissues.
Dressing Forceps
Grasps inanimate objects (dressings or nonviable tissues). Has transverse grooves across the tines. Can cause significant damage to viable tissues.
Allis Tissue forceps
Holds with maximal power. Commonly used for tonsils, vaginal, breast, and thyroid tissues. Has jaws with small teeth that are arranged so that teeth are perpendicular to the pull. Can cause tissue trauma.
Babock Intestinal Forceps
Grasps or encircle delicate tissue (intestines or uterus) without crushing or traumatizing it. Jaws curve out, grooves run parallel where jaws meet. Has lighter jaw compression which allows atraumatic occlusion.
Towel clamps
Secures drapes to patient’s skin by means of small puncture. Also grasps tough tissue & reduce small bone fractures. Sharply pointed tips curve around and touch each other.
Alligator Forceps
Reaches deep into an animal’s body to retrieve foreign object. Long narrow shaft that ends in tiny grasping serrated jaws. Jaws are opened/ closed by handles.
Half-circle taper point suture needle
Sutures organs & vessels. Round from point to eye. Select suture material the same size in diameter as needle, this way the material fills the resulting hole which reduces trauma to tissue & helps to prevent leakage of organ or vessel have a lumen.
Half-circle cutting-edge suture needle,
Half-curved Cutting-edge suture needle
Sutures skin, tendons & ligaments. Triangular and has cutting edges on all three sides. It slices a flat line into tissue. This can weaken soft tissue like muscle & allows serum to accumulate on both sides of tissue.
Keith’s Abdominal suture needle
Straight cutting-edge needle se to suture skin, tendons, ligaments.
Post-mortem needle
Sutures skin on animals after a necropsy. Large cutting-edge curved needle (s-shaped).
Dermal punch
Obtains dermal biopsy. Punch with sharp edges with variety of diameters.
Occluding Forceps (Presbyterian Hospital)
Clamps rubber tubing without cutting through it. Smooth jaws.
Mayo Needle holder
Drives suture needles through tissue and assists in tying sutures. Short jaws have cross-hatched grooves. Has a box lock.
Olsen Needle holder
Drives suture needles through tissue and assists in tying sutures. Scissor blades are set behind jaws so surgeon can cut suture material with same instrument.
Metzenbaum Scissors
Blunt-dissects or cuts soft tissues. Fine blades have blunt or pointed tips, straight or curved, smooth or serrated. Never use to cut suture or bandage material. 16cm.
Mayo Scissors
Blunt dissection and cuts through bulky connective tissues. Straight or curved, smooth or serrated. More mass than Metzenbaum.
Operating scissors – blunt-blunt, sharp-blunt, sharp-sharp
Cuts suture material or other inanimate material. Tips are available in three combinations, most common is sharp-blunt.
Wire scissors
Cuts stainless steel wire in orthopedic surgery. Short compact serrated blades, angled or straight.
Stitch scissors
Removes sutures form an incision line or wound closure. Tip of one blade has a small depression that can be slipped between suture material and skin, this depression is as sharp as rest of blade.
Lister Bandage Scissors
Removes bandages or other dressings. One blade ends in blunt triangle that pushes the skin away, preventing accidental cutting of skin. Scissors are angled to allow user to get fingers under scissors.
Knowles Bandage scissors
Removes bandages or other dressings. The finer blade and tines let user place scissors beneath tightly fitted bandages.
Senn Rake Retractor
Holds open a wound or incision so that surgeon can view underlying tissues. One end has three-pronged sharp or blunt points that curve sharply. Works well with smaller incisions and wounds.
Weitlaner Retractor
Maintains muscle retraction during orthopaedic surgery. Sharp or blunt, outward-curved prongs are held open by a ratchet just above the handle.
Gelpi retractor
Maintains wound exposure during general surgery, orthopaedic surgery and neurosurgery. Sharp outward-curved points are arranged on a gently curved shaft that opens wider than the Weitlaner retractor.
Balfour Retractor
Holds abdominal wall open. Two wire-like blades are inserted into incision line and spread apart. Scoop-like blade is positioned on sternum or on cranial aspect of incision.
Frazier Rib Spreaders
Holds ribs apart during thoracic surgery. Half-curved blunt prongs are positioned on ribs and then pulled away from each other. Prongs are held in place by a turn screw.
Iris Scissors
Cuts through suture material and other nonviable materials. Tips look much like those of operating scissors. Very small scissors.
Tartar Scrapers
Remove tartar & plaque from surfaces of teeth. Available in variety of shapes & angels
Tartar scalers
Remove tartar & plaque from supragingival surfaces of teeth. Hoock-shaped.
Curette
Removes tartar from subgingival & supragingival surfaces of teeth. Used on both buccal and lingual surfaces
Depth Probe & Explorer
Probe used to examine teeth for depth of sulci or periodontal pocket. Explorer evaluates surface irregularities, caries & calculus detection, furcation involvement & exploration of pockets. Explorer has a blunt tip and graduations in mm to measure depth of pocket. The probe end is half curved and ends in a fine point. It’s dragged across tooth to check for missed tartar while pointy end checks for soft spots.
Dental mirror
To view & illuminate difficult to see tooth surfaces
Tatar removing forceps
Removes tartar or calculus from supragingival surfaces of teeth. Used to quickly break up accumulations of tartar.
Tooth-splitting & separating forceps
Splits multirooted teeth for removal. flat sharply angeled forceps provides maximal torque to split the tooth.
Incisor- and root- extracting forceps
Grasps small incisor or the root of a tooth. The fine jaws have small indentations on an almost straight handle.
Incisor, canine & premolar extracting forceps
Aids in removal of the incisor, canine and preomolar. jaws have deeper indentations to accommodate larger teeth. handles are slightly bent to facilitate removal of teeth.
Molar-extracting forceps
Aids in removal of molars. the jaws are very deep, handles are usually sharply angled to allow access to tooth and facilitate removal.
Dental Elevators
Loosen a tooth from periodontal ligament before its extraction. Have pockets of various shapes to fir the surface of tooth and various lengths to accommodate teeth.
Dental Cavitron with polisher
Removes tartar from teeth, then polish them so they are smooth.
Ultrasonic motion removes tartar with a handpiece and heads that are angled to conform to tooth’s surface. Unit requires water to keep teeth cool, otherwise they would be damaged by the heat created by the ultrasonic motion.
The polisher uses a paste that smoothes tooth surface to eliminate grooves caused by scaling. It’s imperative to use paste and only touch tooth for only a second or two to prevent heat damage.
Spring-mouth speculum, Gag
holds open the mouth.
rubber fittings on each blade are designed to cradle canines. Blades are squeezed together and fitted over canines, the spring opens mouth. Blades should not be forced apart once fitted over teeth to prevent injury.
