Instruments

Question 1

Absorbable sutures
Monocryl

Answer 1

monofilament, increased throws for stable knot

Question 2

Vicryl

Answer 2

polyfilament, less throws (3) but has increased fraying issues and local tissue inflammation

Question 3

what does diameter of thread mean?

Answer 3

tensile strength of sutures

Question 4

natural absorbable suture?

Answer 4

catgut suture

formation of stoma / circumcision

Question 5

arterial blood gas syringe?

Answer 5

pH – acidosis/alkalosis

pO2 and pCO2 – identification of respiratory failure (arterial)

Bicarbonate – renal and compensation of acidosis/alkalosis

Lactate – poor perfusion

Hb – anaemia

Na+/K+ quick testing of electrolytes – handy in monitoring and treatment of hyperkalaemia.

Question 6

Blood bottle

purple?

Answer 6

EDTA / haematology

Question 7

Pink blood bottle?

Answer 7

EDTA
group and save crossmatch

Question 8

coagulation screen blood bottle?

Answer 8

blue

Question 9

yellow / gold blood bottle?

Answer 9

SST
silica particle and serum separating gel
toxicology / LFT/ TFTs / U&E

Question 10

rust top blood bottle?

Answer 10

viral immunology

Question 11

dark green blood bottle?

Answer 11

contains sodium heparin. Used for ammonia, renin, aldosterone and insulin tests

Question 12

purpose of a blood glucose monitoring kit?

Answer 12

test real time capillary blood glucose levels

Question 13

Breast implants?

Answer 13

last 1-=15

rare risk of anaplastic large cell lymphoma

complication?
> Rupture, Infection, Capsular contracture, Erosion, through the skin, Migration, ALCL

Question 14

central line insertion pack?

placed where?
key indications?
complications?

Answer 14

3-5 lumen cannula

guide wire
dilator
scalpel

introducer needle

> subclavian / internal jugular veins
fluids/ meds harmful orally or peripherally

> parenteral nutrition
emergency venous access
fluid resus
infusion of irritant drugs
vasopressors
inotropes

> pneumothorax, sepsis, thrombosis

Question 15

Chest drain
passive drainage?

Answer 15

underwater seal
>Positive expiratory pressure and gravity to drain the pleural space

> recreate a negative pressure in the pleural space

‘active closed drainage system’

Question 16

CSF manometer

Answer 16

key in identificarion of opening pressures and represent intracranial pressure during lumbar puncture

cm h20

10-18 cm h20 if patient lying on side

20-30 cm h20 when sat up

Question 17

Devers retractor?

Answer 17

open abdominal surgery

Question 18

disposable rigid sigmoidoscope

Answer 18

attach a light source
air pumping device

left lateral position
digital rectal examination is performed

Question 19

drainage bags are connected to?

Answer 19

nasogastric tube

or drain out of abdomen

relies on gravity

‘closed passive drainage system’

Question 20

endotracheal tube with tape and syringe?

how is it inserted into the trachea?

Answer 20

trauma
GCS <8
GA

via mouth using laryngoscope and Eschamann tracheal tube introducer

Question 21

epidural insertion pack consists of?

Answer 21

touchy / epidural needle

epidural catheter
adapter

Question 22

feeding nasogastric tube?

Answer 22

enteral nutrition
> silastic ; blocks less
>into nostril ; lubricated
>xray to ensure right place

Question 23

forceps

> toothed
non toothed

Answer 23

toothed only used for skin

once in peritoneal cavity use non toothed

Question 24

what is a fracture plate used ?

Answer 24

in conjunction with screws to internally fix a bone fracture

Question 25

Gelofusin

Answer 25

500ml ; artificial colloid solution

Question 26

hartman solution is an example of?

Answer 26

crystalloid solution

sodium, chloride, bicarb, lactate

Question 27

indications for hemiarthroplasty?

Answer 27

intracapsular fractures (displaced)
avascular necrosis

Question 28

Hickman Line

Answer 28

long term venous catheter

> subclavian
chemo, long parentral nutrition, abx

Question 29

histology specimen pots contain?

Answer 29

formalin

Question 30

IM femoral nail

Answer 30

intramedullary femoral nail
remove after 12/18 months

Question 31

instillagel contains?

Answer 31

sterile gel ; local anaesthetic and lubricant gel

Question 32

what is the purpose of a laparoscopic port?

Answer 32

used during laparoscopic procedures

allow surgeon to insert a telescope and instruments in the patient

Question 33

laryngoscope

Answer 33

aid intubation
visualise larynx

curved, straight

injuries: mild soft tissue, laryngeal, ulceration and abscess formation

Question 34

laryngeal mask and airway adjuncts

Answer 34

iGels and laryngeal mask airways

supraglottic airway device

step before intubation

Question 35

monopolar diathermy handle

Answer 35

coagulation and dissection of tissue during open/laparoscopic surgery

Question 36

nasal cannulae?

Answer 36

o2 delivery

1-3L of oxygen per minute
5l/min

28-44%

Question 37

nasal speculum

Answer 37

open and expand nasal cavity

Question 38

neuro kit?

Answer 38

128 HZ vibration of joints

512Hz for rinnes/ webers

neurotip
orange stick > babinski
tendon hammer

Question 39

non absorbable sutures

ethilon ?
prolene

Answer 39

nylon - 9 throws to maintain strong knot

bowel anstomosis
vascular anastomosis

Question 40

non rebreath mask?

Answer 40

02 therapy

covers both nose and mouth
servoir bag > external oxygen tank

flow rate 10-15l/min
90% O2 concentration

Question 41

nylon suture

Answer 41

synthetic non absorbable monofilament suture

skin wound

Question 42

oropharyngeal airway ?

Answer 42

impaired level of consciousness

angle of mouth to angle of jaw

Question 43

Picc line?

Answer 43

IV access is peripheral IV central catheter

PICC

Question 44

proctoscope?

Answer 44

visualise the anal canal and lower rectum

injecting / banding haemorrhoids

Question 45

what is the chest drain for pneumothorax called?

Answer 45

seldinger chest drain insertion pack