Instrumentation Flashcards
What is the name of the main tray of instruments used in operative dentistry?
The cons tray
What is this instrument?
A stainless steel single ended number 18 probe
What is this instrument?
A stainless steel single ended BPE probe
What is this instrument?
A stainless steel single ended williams probe
What is this instrument?
A double ended stainless steel brialt probe
= used to explore interproximal restoraion materials and investigate caries
What is this instrument?
Stainless steel college tweezers
What is this instrument?
Stainless steel double ended 125/126 excavator
= spoon shaped
What is this instrument?
Stainless steel double ended 133/4 excavator
= round
What is this instrument?
Stainless steel double ended u1/u2 & u3/u4 marginal trimmer
What is this instrument?
Stainless steel double ended PF-10
What is this instrument?
179 / 156 Flat plastic
What is this instrument?
Stainless steel double ended 0/1 amalgam plugger
What is this instrument?
Stainless steel double ended half hollenback carver
What is this instrument?
Stainless steel double ended wards no. 2 carver
What is this instrument?
Stainless steel double ended P1 composite instrument
What is this instrument?
Amalgam carrier
What is this instrument?
Stainless steel Toffelmire matrix holder
What is this instrument?
Stainless steel ssiqveland matrix holder
What is this instrument?
Mirror
n.b. can detach mirror and handle
What is this instrument?
285 / 773 diamond fast handpiece bur
= rugby ball
Uses:
Occlusal and lingual reduction & shaping of cingulum and cusp areas
What is this instrument?
520 diamond fast handpiece bur
= 0.8mm rosehead
Uses:
Class III (interproximal caries on anterior teeth)
What is this instrument?
544 diamond fast handpiece bur
= 3mm length & 1 mm at tip
= short domed cylinder
Uses:
access to carries (occlusal)
What is this instrument?
554 diamond fast handpiece bur
= tapered (non-undercut) with flat end
Uses:
Cuspal reduction, bevel cusps, crown prep/bridge
What is this instrument?
555 diamond fast handpiece bur
= longer version of 554
What is this instrument?
D & Z diamond fast handpiece bur
= tapered
Uses:
Interproximal crown prep (very narrow)
What is this instrument?
701 stainless steel slow handpiece bur
= tapered and cross cut
Uses:
Smoothing
What is this instrument?
Stainless steel round slow handpiece bur
= Sizes: 1, 3 & 5mm
Uses:
Caries removal (use even bigger size with lots of caries)
Retention for amalgam in dentine (smaller ones & use with caution)
What is this instrument?
Green stone slow handpiece bur
= Carborundum = more abrasive than white sone
N.b. Different shapes and sizes, use the best for the jo
Uses:
for smoothing and finishing surfaces, cast alloy and porclein surfaces
What is this instrument?
White stone slow handpiece
= Alundum
N.b. Different shapes and sizes, use the best for the job
Uses:
Smoothing and finishing surfaces, cast alloy and porcelein
What is this instrument?
Mandrel slow handpiece bur
= Fit soft flex disk onto the surface = for polishing large composites (n.b. ask before use on clinic!)
What is this instrument?
637 diamond fast handpiece bur
= tapered
Uses:
All ceramic crown prep
Champher finish lines
What materials can polishing cups be used on?
Porcelein & gold
Which material are most dental instruments made of?
Stainless steel
What other tips may instruments have?
And what is the purpose of this material?
Tungsten carbide
= self sharpening
What are the 3 parts of an instrument?
Handle
Shank
Working part
What are the 4 different types of mirror?
Front reflecting
Rear reflecting
Magnifying
Plain
What are the (5) different uses of mirrors?
- Retracting soft tissues
- Protecting tissues
- Indirect vision
- Reflecting light
- Trans-illumination (for detailed examination = reflects operating light through anterior tooth -> caries show up as shadows)
How do you determine if a mirror is front or rear reflecting?
Hold instrument up to mirror:
if images appear to touch = front reflecting
if gap between images = rear reflecting (n.b. this is the mirror we generally use)
What are the (3) uses of a No. 18 probe?
- Diagnosis (gently detect caries, detect restorations and assessing restoration margins)
- Removing plaque
- Checking condition of dentine in cavity
What are the 3 types of college tweezers?
- Standard
- Locking (e.g. for root canal)
- Endodontic
What are the 4 uses?
- Transferring cotton rolls to mouth
- Drying cavity with cotton ball
- Holding paper to dry canal
- transferring GP points
What are the (3) uses for the 125/126 excavator (spoon)?
Caries removal
Removal of temporary dressings
Applying lining material
What is the use for 133/4 discoid excavator?
Caries removal
What is the 212/3 excavtor / marginal trimmer used (2) for?
- Remove unsupported enamel prisms (particularly class II -> floors of interproximal box and wall)
- used where a bur may cause damage to adjacent tooth
What is the PF-10 used for?
Applying flowable lining cement in a thing layer
(another type - thymozin = single ended)
What is a flat plastic used for?
- Trasnfer and shape dental cements or restoritive materials where pressure is NOT required (e.g. not for amalgam!) to codense them into the cavity
n. b. often teflon/titanium nitride/gold coated to stop composite adhering to instrument
What is an amalgam plugger used for?
What are the two types?
Press amalgam into a cavity = compress
Types;
Smooth = flat end to condense
Indented = cross hatched pattern
n.b. also come in different sizes and tip angulations
What is a wards no. 2 carver used for?
To carve amalgam restorations
= flat end & sharp pointed end
What are the uses of carvers (1/2 hollenbach & wards no. 2)?
Sharp/semi sharp blades = cutting or scraping amalgam filling material where smoothness is important
What is a P1 composite instrument used for?
Putting in the final composite layers in a nice anatomical way (shape the surfce to conform with naturl anatomy)
n.b. come with different sized cones/tips
What is torque?
Turning force of rotary instruments (air motor only)
= the ability of the handpiece to withstand lateral pressure on the revolving tool without decreasing the speed or cutting efficacy
- speed is inversley proportional to torque
What is the air turbine (fast) handpiece used for?
Access caries
(with water)
What is the air motor (slow) handpiece used for?
Removal of caries
What is a contrangle handpiece?
More bent
Colour codings:
Blue band -> ratio of speed to motor and bur = 1:1 ratio
Green band -> gearing system = decreased speed = 2:1
Red band -> speed increases = used for crowns and bridges, usually used on micromotor and not an air motor
What is the optimum drill speed for endodontic treatment?
112 rpm
What level of torque and speed is more efficient to cut hard materials (e.g. enamel, porcelein and metals)?
High speed
Low torque
What level of torque and speed is more efficient to cut soft materials (e.g. caries & pulp)?
Low speed
High torque
Whar does RPM stand for?
Revolutions per min (speed of rotation)
