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Instrument Checkride Review > Instrument Review > Flashcards

Instrument Review Flashcards

1
Q

How to stay Current?

6HITS

A

In the last 6 months, at least six approaches, holding procedures, intercepting and tracking courses through electronic systems. can log 6HITS after six months but safety pilot, examiner, or instructor must be present. Safety pilot must have private with same category and class plane. After 12 months, must do an IPC by CFII, examiner or any other approved person, some but not all tasks can be in FTD

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2
Q

Privileges and Limitations

A

Privileges: Fly as PIC under ifr weather, file ifr flight plans, carry passengers,
Limitations: cannot be paid for flights under ifr

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3
Q

Proficiency vs Currency

A

Proficiency: how much skill you have in ifr approaches. (i.e you have 6 hits but got them five months ago and haven’t flown since weather outside is ifr all around and approach needed is ils but you are used to flying rnav approaches
Currency: faa legal requirements to fly ifr

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4
Q

Personal Minimums

A

Pilot, Aircraft, enVironment, External pressure (PAVE)

More than 15kt cross wind, clouds ovc @ 2000

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5
Q

Flight Review if Checkride

A

No

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6
Q

Deicing & Anti-icing

A

No anti-icing on plane (BEFORE FLIGHT)

Deicing: could be pitot heat, carb heat, defroster (DURING FLIGHT)

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7
Q

Other anti-icing

A

Icing boots: rubber-like boots on leading edge; when system is turned on after ice accumulates on the boots and the sensor notices the boots inflate to break/ crack the ice and it falls off. ICE REDUCES THE AMOUNT OF LIFT

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8
Q

Fly into icing?

A

NO!!! Plane is not equipped to fly into icing

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9
Q

High/Mid/Low Level Clouds

A

High: 20,000 and above CIRRUS CLOUDS
Mid: 6,500-20,000 ALTO CLOUDS
Low: surface-6,500 STRATUS and CUMULUS

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10
Q

What is Microburst

A

Intense downwash of air that may last for 15 minutes, can be associated with thunderstorms (avoid heavy rain) but can also happen at any time

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11
Q

Thunderstorm characteristics and Hazards

A

Need unstable air, lifting force, and water vapor. Three stages: Cumulus(Updrafts), Mature(Rain), Dissipating(Downdrafts)
Hazards: Microburst, Lightning, Hail, Limited visibility, strong updrafts&downdrafts, turbulence

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12
Q

Airmets T,Z,S

A

Valid for 6 hours; Tango: Moderate Turbulence, Zulu: Moderate Icing, Sierra: IFR weather and mountain obscurations

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13
Q

Sigmets

A

Valid for 4 hours; hazardous weather not associated with Thunderstorms, Dust Storms, SandStorms

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14
Q

Convective Sigmets

A

Valid for 2 hours; Convective weather hazardous to all aircraft; Severe Thunderstorms, Embedded Thunderstorms, Tornadoes, Line of Thunderstorms, Wind shear, Severe Icing and Turbulence

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15
Q

Weather for Alternate and weather required

123 rule

A

alternate required unless instrument approach is published and available and for 1 hour before to 1 hour after flight weather will be at least 2,000 ft ceiling and 3SM visibility
If alternate weather not published: Non precision: 800ft 2SM Precession: 600ft 2SM

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16
Q

Class E Weather

A

Under 10000 MSL: 3SM Clouds 1,000 above 500 below 2,000 horizontally

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17
Q

Types of Fog

A

Happens 50ft above ground when temp/dew point are same.
Advection: warm air moves over cold surface
Radiation: calm clear nights when ground rapidly cools because of release of ground heat
Upslope: moist air is forced up terrain and cooled by adiabatic cooling
Ice: temp below freezing and water vapor turns into ice crystals
Steam: cold air moves over warm surface

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18
Q

Types of Icing

A

Structural: Happens with visible moisture and surface below freezing
- Clear (Worst, Hard to see, smooth, large supercooled water droplets), Rime (rough, small supercooled water droplets), Mixed
Instrument: pitot and static
Induction: reduces the amount of air for engine intake
Intake: block engine intake
Carburetor: temperature drops in carburetor venturi

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19
Q

What to do if you don’t break out

A

GO TO ALTERNATE OR SHOOT DIFF APPROACH

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20
Q

Can you shoot same approach

A

NO

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21
Q

What to squak for lost comms

A

7700

22
Q

Lost Comms Procedure

A

Altitude FLY THE HIGHEST OF: Minimum Enroute Altitude, Expected Altitude, Assigned Altitude (MEA)
Route FLY BY ORDER: Assigned Route, Vectored Route, Expected Route, Filed Route

23
Q

RNP

A 
A statement of navigation equipment and service performance. WE DO NOT HAVE IT. 
Ranges 95%- 
- Enroute: 2NM, 
- Terminal &Departure: 1NM,
-  Final Approach: 0.3NM
24
Q

VOR Checks, how its done, and signed off

DEPS

A

Private Pilots and Mechanics can do checks
Tests: Ground, Air, VOT, Dual, Repair Station
Sign off: Date, Error, Place, Signature

25
Q

VOR Limitations, Full Deflection, Line of sight

A

Limitations: Cone of Confusion, Requires line of sight, Reverse Sensing
Full Deflection: 10 degrees off
Line of sight over VOR: station doesn’t know where you are as you are in cone of confusion

26
Q

How VOR works

A

The aircraft’s VOR receiver compares the difference between the VOR’s variable and reference phase to determine bearing from station

27
Q

VOR Service Volume

A

Terminal: 1,000ft-12,000ft 25 NM
Low: 1,000ft-18,000ft 40NM NEW: 5,000ft-18,000ft 70NM
High: 1,000ft-60,000ft 100NM New: 5,000ft-14,500ft 70NM

28
Q

Localizer

A

Range: up to 18NM & 35degrees on each side of centerline
Width:3-6 degrees
Frequencies:108.1-111.95
Provides lateral Guidance. 4x more sensitive than VOR

29
Q

ILS

A

Provides Lateral and vertical guidance
Range: 10NM
Width: 1.4 degrees
Slope: 3 degrees CAN GET FALSE GLIDE SLOPE

30
Q

Marker Beacon

A

Outer: 4-7miles (blue) where you intercept glide slope
Middle: 3,500ft from runway (amber)
Inner: Between middle and runway threshold; where glideslope meets da (white)

31
Q

GPS

A

Minimum of 24 satellites with at least 5 in range at any given time. 3 satellites needed for 2D; 4 needed for 3D.
Aircraft GPS receiver calculates distance based on time lapse since broadcast time stamp and the time it received the signal. Uses intersection of multiple satellites to calculate position

32
Q

RAIM

A

Monitors the integrity of the satellites. 5 satellites needed to check RAIM. 6 satellites needed to replace bad signal/ satellite

33
Q

WAAS

A

Ground Station that covers a wide area measures gps errors and sends corrective signals
Improves accuracy, integrity, and availability monitoring.
Facilitates LPV and LNAV/VNAV approaches

34
Q

ATOMATOFLAMES

A

Altimeter, Tachometer, Oil pressure gauge, Manifold pressure, Airspeed indicator, Temperature gauge, Oil temp gauge, Fuel quantity gauge, Landing gear lights, Anticollision Lights, Mag Compass, ELT, Safety belt

35
Q

FLAPS

A

Fuses, Landing Light, Anticollision Lights, Position Lights, Source of power

36
Q

GRABCARD

A

Generator/alternator, Radio, Altimeter(adjustable), Ball, Clock, Attitude Indicator, Rate of turn indicator, Directional Gyro (heading indicator

37
Q

MARVELOUSVFRC500 (required ifr reports)

A

Missed approach, Airspeed change, Reaching Fix, VFR on top, ETA change, Leaving Fix, Outer Marker, Unforecast Weather, Safety of flight, Vacating Fix, Final fix, Radio/nav/approach failure, Compulsory points, unable to maintain 500fpm climb/descent

38
Q

Non-radar reporting points (A PTA TEN R)

A

Aircraft ID, Position, Time, Altitude, Type of flight plan, ETA and name of next fix, Name of point after next, any Remarks (A PTA TEN R)

39
Q

Pick up and cancel flight plan

File

A

Pickup: Calling in to FSS, ground at airport, clearance delivery, in air from departure
Cancel: in air when in VMC with airport in sight, Tower closes upon landing, Call after landing at non-towered field
File: FSS (phone, radio, in person), Online, EFB

40
Q

Electrical System

A

28volt system, 28volt/ 70amp alternator, 24volt battery, 24volt emergency battery
Battery: provides electric power prior to engine start (starter, essential bus, non-essential bus) Provides stored power
Alternator: engine driven, charges battery, becomes primary source of power after start
Emergency Battery: powers emergency bus for 30mins in event of failure

41
Q

Fuel System

A

50 gallon total, 48 gallon usable, engine driven fuel pump, backup electric auxiliary pump. 3 drains

42
Q

ADAHRS

A

Replaced traditional instruments
AHRS: gathers information from magnetometers and accelerometers and using computer algorithms translates data to instruments
ADC: receives input from pitot static ports and computes data

43
Q

Primary Instruments

A

Airspeed Indicator, Attitude Indicator, Altimeter, VSI
Skill: Cross Check, Instrument Interpretation, Aircraft Control
- Avoid: Fixation, Omission. Emphasis

44
Q

Oxygen Requirements

A

12,500-14,000: supplemental must be supplied after 30mins to flight crew
14,001-15,000: flight crew must use supplemental oxygen for entire flight
15,000: oxygen must be supplied to passengers

45
Q

What happens when vmc to imc

A

Spatial Disorientation

46
Q

Fly unknown plane into imc

A

NO!!!!

47
Q

Min IFR altitude

A

Except for takeoff and landing: Be at or above minimum prescribed or 2,000ft above highest obstacle in mountainous areas, or 1000ft above non-mountainous areas

48
Q

IFR Takeoff minimums

A

1-2 engine planes: 1SM visibility

More than 2: ½SM visibility

49
Q

Preflight Requirements NWKRAFT

A

NOTAMs, Weather, Known delays, Runway lengths/approaches, Alternatives, Fuel requirements, Takeoff and landing data

50
Q

Aircraft required Documents ARROW

A

Airworthiness, Registration, Radio permit, operating handbook, weight and balance

51
Q

Aircraft inspections for ifr

AVIATES

A

Altimeter (24 Calendar months), VOR(30 days), Inspections[Annual and (100hr for hire)], AD’s, Transponder(24 Calendar Months), ELT(12 calendar months or after 1hr of continuous use), Static system(24 Calendar months

Instrument Checkride Review (1 decks)

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