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institutional correction Flashcards

1
Q

a US federal penitentiary, Often referred to as “The Rock”,
the small island of alcatraz was developed with facilities for a lighthouse,
a military fortification, a military prison (1868), and a federal prison
from 1933 until 1963.

A

alcatraz

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2
Q

was a Scottish naval officer, geographer, and

penal reformer. He is known as the Father of Parole.

A

Alexander Maconochie

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3
Q

Alexander Maconochie 2 Basic Principle of Penology

A
  1. As cruelty debases both the victim and society, punishment should not be vindictive but should aim at the reform of the convict to observe social constraints
  2. A convict’s imprisonment should consist of task, not time sentences, with release depending on the performance of a measurable amount of labour
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4
Q

Constructed in 1816 ,(opened 1819) it was the second
state prison in New York, the site of the first execution by electric
chair in 1890. It uses the silent or congregate system.

A

auburn prison

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5
Q

a punishment originating in ancient times, that required
offenders to leave the community and live elsewhere, commonly in the
wilderness.

A

banishment

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6
Q

BJMP

A

(Bureau of Jail Management and Penology) government agency
mandated by law (RA 6975) to take operational and administrative control
over all city, district and municipal jails.
It takes custody of detainees accused before a court who are temporarily
confined in such jails while undergoing investigation, waiting final
judgement and those who are serving sentence promulgated by the court
3 years and below.

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7
Q

BJMP is created when

A

Jan. 2, 1991

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8
Q

1st BJMP chief.

A

charles s. mondejar

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9
Q

BJMP chief tour of duty, must not exceed

A

4 years

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10
Q

Grounds for the tour duty of BJMP chief

A
  1. In times of war

2. other national emergencies.

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11
Q

the rank from which the BJMP chief
is appointed. This is the rank of the BJMP Directors of
the Directorates in the National Headquarters. This is also
the rank of the Regional Director for Jail Management
and Penology.

A

senior superintendent

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12
Q

Highest ranking BJMP officer. Appointed by the President upon recommendation of DILG Secretary. Rank is Director.

A

chief of BJMP

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13
Q

the 2nd highest ranking BJMP officer. Appointed by the President upon recommendation of the DILG Secretary. Rank is Chief Superintendent.

A

BJMP Deputy Chief for Administration

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14
Q

the 3rd highest ranking BJMP officer. Appointed by the President upon recommendation of the DILG Secretary. Rank is Chief Superintendent.

A

BJMP Deputy Chief for Operations

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15
Q

the 4th highest BJMP officer. Appointed by the President upon recommendation of the DILG Secretary. Rank is Chief Superintendents.

A

BJMP Chief of the Directorial Staff

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16
Q

a custodial institution for young offenders.

A

borstal

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17
Q

rehabilitation method formerly used in Great Britain for
delinquent boys aged 16 to 21. The idea originated (1895) with the Gladstone Committee as an attempt to reform young offenders. The first institution was established (1902) at Borstal Prison, Kent, England.

A

borstal system

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18
Q

stigmatizing is the process in which a mark, usually a symbol
or ornamental pattern, is burned into the skin of a living person, with
the intention that the resulting scar makes it permanent as a punishment
or imposing masterly rights over an enslaved or otherwise oppressed person.

A

branding

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19
Q

was the first correctional institution

in England and was a precursor of the modern prison

A

bridewell prison and workhouse

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20
Q

Built initially as a royal residence in 1523, Bridewell Palace was given to the city of London to serve as the foundation for as system of Houses of Correction
known as “Bridewells.”

A

bridewell prison and workhouse

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21
Q

was established in a former royal palace
in 1553 with two purposes: the punishment of the disorderly poor and
housing of homeless children in the City of London.

A

Bridewell Prison and Hospital

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22
Q

has for its principal task the rehabilitation
of national prisoners, or those sentenced to serve a term of imprisonment of more than three years.

  • has 7 prison facilities
  • 1 prison institution for women
  • 1 vocational training centre for juveniles.
A

Bureau of Corrections

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23
Q

classifies inmates according to their security status.

A

classification board

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24
Q

(RDC) receives, studies and classifies inmates committed to Bureau of Corrections.

A

Reception and Diagnostic Centre

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25
Q

hears complaints and grievances with regard to violations of prison rules and regulations.

A

board of dicsipline

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26
Q

established in 1904 upon orders of Gov Forbes, then the Sec. of Commerce and police.

A

Iwahig Penal Farm

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27
Q

established in 1941 in Muntinlupa

A

new bilibid prison

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28
Q

medium security prison

A

camp sampaguita

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29
Q

established jan 21, 1932 (RA 3732)

A

Davao penal Colony

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30
Q

minimum security prison.

A

Camp Bukang Liwayway

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31
Q

stablished Sept.27, 1954 (Proclamation No.72) location:Occidental Mindoro

A

sabayan penal colony and farm

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32
Q

established Jan.16, 1973

A

leyte regional prison

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33
Q

First Penal Institution in the Phil. designated as insular penitentiary by Royal Decree in 1865.

A

Old Bilibid Prison

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34
Q

a form of ancient punishment by tying the victim

in a vertical post and burning him/her.

A

burning at stake

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35
Q

an Italian criminologist, jurist, philosopher and
politician best known for his treaties On Crimes and Punishments (1764),
which condemned torture and the death penalty, and was a founding work
in the field of penology and the Classical School of criminology

A

cesare beccaria

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36
Q

a french lawyer, who analyzed law as an expression
of justice. He is famous for his articulation of the theory of separation
of powers, which is implemented in many constitutions throughout the world.

A

Charles Montesquieu

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37
Q

formally Corpus Juris Civilis (“Body of Civil Law”),
Justinian I the collections of laws and legal interpretations developed
under the sponsorship of the Byzantine emperor Justinian I from AD
529 to 565.

A

code of justinian

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38
Q

is an act of sending a person to prison by means of

such a warrant or order.

A

commitment order

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39
Q

the study and practice of a system of
managing jails and prisons and other institutions concerned with the custody, treatment and rehabilitation of criminal offenders.

A

correctional administration

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40
Q

describes a variety of functions typically carried out
by government agencies, and involving the punishment, treatment, and supervision of persons who have been convicted of crimes.

A

corrections

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41
Q

refers to incarcerated persons who have been sentenced to death and are awaiting execution.

A

death row

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42
Q

as contended by Cesare Beccaria, proponent of the

classical theory, that punishment is to prevent others from committing crime.

A

deterrence

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43
Q

the first Chief of BJMP. He took his

oath of office on July 1 of 1991.

A

director Charles S. Mondejar

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44
Q

is a cluster of small jails, each having a monthly

average population of ten or less inmates, and is located in the vicinity of the court.

A

district jail

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45
Q

was the first legislator of ancient Athens, Greece, 7th century BC. He replaced the prevailing system of oral law and blood feud by a written code to be enforced only by a court.

A

draco

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46
Q

a chair fastened to the end of a pole, used formerly

to plunge offenders into a pond or river as a punishment.

A

ducking stool

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47
Q

a dark cell, usually underground where prisoners are confined.

A

dungeon

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48
Q

located in new York, was originally a prison opened
to contain Confederate prisoners of war during the Civil War. It became
known as a “death camp” because of the squalid conditions and high death
rate in its few years of operation. Established 1876.

A

elmira reformatory

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49
Q

An American penal system named after Elmira Reformatory, in New York. In 1876 Zebulon R. Brockway became an innovator in the reformatory movement by establishing Elmira Reformatory for young felons. The Elmira system classified and separated various types of prisoners, gave them individualized treatment emphasizing vocational training and industrial employment, used indeterminate sentences.

A

elmira system

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50
Q

is a Roman prison used to confine slaves. They were attached to work benches and forced to do hard labor in period of imprisonment.

A

egastulum

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51
Q

the criminal is punished to serve as an example to others to deter further commission of crime.

A

exemplarity

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52
Q

(Atonement) execution of punishment visibly or publicly for the purpose of appeasing a social group. Expiation is a group vengeance as distinguished from retribution.

A

expiation

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53
Q

First Women’s Prison

A

opened in Indiana 1873. Based on the reformatory

model.

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54
Q

four classes of prisoners

A

insular or national prisoner
provincial prisoner
City prisoner
municipal prisoner

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55
Q

one who is sentenced to a prison term

of three years and one day to death

A

insular or national prisoner

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56
Q

one who is sentenced to a prison term of six

months and one day to three years

A

provincial prisoner

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57
Q

one who is sentenced to a prison term of one day

to three years

A

City prisoner

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58
Q

one who is sentenced to a prison term of one

day to six months.

A

municipal prisoner

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59
Q

(Flog) beat (someone) with a whip or stick as a punishment.

A

flogging

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60
Q

last warden of the Alcatraz prison.

A

Fred T. Wilkinson

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61
Q

a low, flat ship with one or more sails and up to three banks
of oars, chiefly used for warfare or piracy and often manned by slaves
or criminals.

A

galley

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62
Q

Goals of Criminal Sentencing

A
  1. Retribution
  2. Punishment
  3. Deterrence
  4. Incapacitation
  5. Rehabilitation
  6. Reintegration
  7. Restoration
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63
Q

Golden Age Of Penology

A

1870 - 1880

64
Q

an ancient form of capital punishment by cutting the

head.

A

Guillotine

65
Q

a center for helping former drug addicts, prisoners,

psychiatric patients, or others to adjust to life in general society.

A

halfway house

66
Q

an ancient code which contain both civil and criminal
law. First known codified law prior to Roman law. Better organized and
comprehensive than biblical law. One of its law is lex taliones (an eye
for an eye)

A

hammurabi’s code

67
Q

the ethical theory that pleasure (in the sense of the

satisfaction of desires) is the highest good and proper aim of human life.

A

hedonism

68
Q

an old ship stripped of fittings and permanently moored,

especially for use as storage or (formerly) as a prison.

A

hulk

69
Q

a form of capital punishment, is the penetration of an organism by an object such as a stake, pole, spear or hook, by complete (or partial) perforation of the body, often the central body mass. Killing by piercing the body with a spear or sharp pole.

A

impalement (Impaling)

70
Q

refers to those persons housed in secure

correctional facilities.

A

institutional corrections

71
Q

defined as a place of confinement for inmates under investigation
or undergoing trial, or serving short-term sentences

A

jail

72
Q

old name/term of jail.

A

gaol

73
Q

Three Types of Detainees

A
  1. Those undergoing investigation;
  2. those awaiting or undergoing trial; and
  3. those awaiting final judgment
74
Q

Jails - holds

A

a. Convicted offenders serving short sentences
b. Convicted offenders awaiting transfer to prison
c. Offenders who have violated their probation or parole
d. Defendants who are awaiting trial

75
Q

was a leading American penal reformer and prison
administrator who served as director of the Federal Bureau of Prisons
(FBOP) from 1937 to 1964. He was one of the strongest advocates in the
movement in persuading Congress to close Alcatraz and replace it with
a new maximum-security prison, eventually successful in 1963 when
it closed.

A

James V. Bennett

76
Q

the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology was

created thru Republic Act 6975 as a line Bureau under the Department of Interior and Local Government.

A

january 2, 1991

77
Q

pioneered classification to separate women and

children from hardened criminals.

A

Jean Jacques Villain

78
Q

a prison reformer, believed that the prisoner should
suffer a severe regime, but that it should not be detrimental to the
prisoner’s health. He designed the Panopticon in 1791.

A

Jeremy Bentham

79
Q

a philanthropist and the first English prison reformer.

A

John Howard

80
Q

crime must be punished by the state as an act of retributive justice, vindication of absolute right and moral law violated by the criminal.

A

Justice

81
Q

(Stoning) the act of pelting with stones; punishment

inflicted by throwing stones at the victim.

A

lapidation

82
Q

an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth.

A

lex taliones

83
Q

Suspects usually stay in a lockup for only 24 to 48 hours. A suspect may later be transferred from the lockup to the jail.

A

lock ups

84
Q

was a prison (carcer) located in the Comitium
in ancient Rome. It was originally created as a cistern for a spring in the floor of the second lower level. Prisoners were lowered through an opening into the lower dungeon.

A

memertine prison

85
Q

developed in Australia by Alexander Maconochie, whereby credits, or marks, were awarded for good behaviour, a certain number of marks being required for release.

A

mark system

86
Q

is a process issued by the court after conviction to carry
out the final judgment, such as commanding a prison warden to hold the accused, in accordance with the terms of the judgment.

A

mittimus

87
Q

often attached on the commitment order issued by the court whenever the convict is to be transferred to prison for service of sentence.

A

Mittimus

88
Q

A measure of the frequency of deaths in a defined

population during a specified interval of time.

A

mortality rate

89
Q

an ancient form of punishment, is an act of

physical injury that degrades the appearance or function of any living body, sometimes causing death.

A

mutilating or maiming

90
Q

National Prisons Association was organized in

A

Cincinnati in 1870.

91
Q

children and lunatics should not be punished as they

can not calculate pleasure and pain.

A

neo classical

92
Q

pain must exceed pleasure to deter crime. All are punished regardless of age, mental condition, social status and other circumstances.

A

classical theory

93
Q

criminal is a sick person and should be treated and not punished.

A

positivist theory

94
Q

it means selecting the best of various styles or ideas.

A

eclectic

95
Q

not a real prison but an abandoned copper mine of

Simsbury Connecticut. Inmates are confined underground (BLACK HOLE OF HORRORS)

A

newgate prison

96
Q

the number of inmates that can be accommodated

based on a facility’s staff, existing programs, and services.

A

Operational capacity

97
Q

a prison design, allowed a centrally placed observer to

survey all the inmates, as prison wings radiated out from this central position.

A

panopticon

98
Q

refers to criminal offenders who are conditionally released from prison to serve the remaining portion of their sentence in the community.

A

parole

99
Q

was created pursuant to Presidential Decree (P.D.) No.968, as amended, to administer the probation system. Under Executive Order No. 292, the Probation Administration was renamed as the Parole and Probation Administration, and given the added function of supervising prisoners who, after serving part of their sentence in jails are released on parole or granted conditional pardon

A

Parole and Probation Administration (PPA)

100
Q

the agencies involved in the non-institutional treatment of offenders.

A

The PPA and the Board of Pardons and Parole

101
Q

refers to the manner or practice of managing or

controlling places of confinement such as jails and prisons.

A

penal management

102
Q

was promulgated to provide for the care and treatment of youth offenders from the time of apprehension up to the termination of the case.

A

pd 603

103
Q

Under this law, a youth offender is defined as a child, minor or youth who is over nine years but under eighteen years of age at the time of the commission of the offence.

A

pd 603

104
Q

pioneered the penitentiary movement by

developing two competing systems of confinement. The Pennsylvania system and the Auburn system.

A

Pennsylvania and New York

105
Q

An early system of U.S. penology in which inmates were kept in solitary cells so that they could study religious writings, reflect on their misdeeds, and perform handicraft work.(Solitary System).

A

Pennsylvania System

106
Q

An early system of penology, originating at Auburn Penitentiary in New York, under which inmates worked and ate together in silence during the day and were placed in solitary cells for the evening.(Congregate System)

A

auburn suystem

107
Q

a branch of Criminology that deals with prison management and reformation of criminals.

Poene (latin) - penalty
Logos (latin) - science

A

penology

108
Q

a wooden framework with holes for the head and hands, in which offenders were formerly imprisoned and exposed to public abuse.

A

pillory

109
Q

which refers to the national prisons or penitentiaries manage and supervised by the Bureau of Corrections, an agency under the Department of Justice.

A

prison

110
Q

(1776-1857) were ships which were anchored in the Thames, and at Portsmouth and Plymouth. Those sent to them were employed in hard labour during the day and then loaded, in chains, onto the ship at night.

A

prison hulks

111
Q

is the attempt to improve conditions inside prisons,

aiming at a more effective penal system.

A

prison reform

112
Q

Probation in criminal law is a period of supervision over

an offender, ordered by a court instead of serving time in prison.

A

probation

113
Q

Father of Probation. born in Woburn, Massachusetts in 1785. By 1829, he was a permanent resident of Boston and the owner of a successful boot-making business.

A

John Augustus

114
Q

a chaplain of the Boston Prison visited the courts and gained acceptance as an advisor who made enquiries into the circumstances of both adult and juvenile offenders

A

father cook

115
Q

under the office of the Governor. Where the imposable
penalty for the crime committed is more than six months and the same was committed within the municipality, the offender must serve his or her sentence in the provincial jail.

A

provincial jail

116
Q

Where the penalty imposed exceeds three years, the offender shall serve his or her sentence in the penal institutions of the Bureau of Corrections.

A

provincial jail

117
Q

the infliction or imposition of a penalty as retribution

for an offence.

A

punishment

118
Q

(or Friends, as they refer to themselves) are members of a family of religious movements collectively known as the Religious Society of Friends.

A

quakers

119
Q

believe that people can always change: their focus has been on reforms that make positive change more likely, such as increased opportunities for education, improved prison conditions, help with facing up to violent impulses, and much else.

A

quakers

120
Q

founder of the Province of Pennsylvania, the English North American colony and the future Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

A

william pen

121
Q

was the first great Quaker prison reformer. In his ‘Great Experiment’ in Pennsylvania in the 1680s he abolished capital punishment for all crimes except murder.

A

william pen

122
Q

(1654-1725) was the earliest British Friend to pay serious and systematic attention to social reform. He pleaded for the abolition of the death penalty, the first time this plea had been made.

A

john bellers

123
Q

He argued that criminals were the creation of society itself and urged that when in prison there should be work for prisoners so that they might return to the world with an urge to industry.

A

john bellers

124
Q

(1780-1845) was the most famous of Quaker reformers, though others were equally influential in raising public awareness.

A

elizabeth fry

125
Q

Reforms such as the separation of women and children from men and the development of purposeful activity of work or education came about through pressure from informed people.

A

elizabeth fry

126
Q

law that created the BJMP.

A

RA 6975 - sec.60 to 65,

127
Q

The Bureau of Corrections Act of 2013.

A

RA 10575

128
Q

a form of torture or punishment wherein pain is inflicted to the body through stretching.

A

rack

129
Q

the number of beds or inmates assigned by a rating

official to institutions within the jurisdiction.

A

rated capacity

130
Q

the object of punishment in a criminal case is to correct

and reform the offender.

A

reformation

131
Q

The reformatory movement was based on principles

adopted at the 1870 meeting of the National Prison Association.

A

reformatory movement

132
Q

The reformatory was designed:

A

a. for younger, less hardened offenders.
b. based on a military model of regimentation.
c. with indeterminate terms.
d. with parole or early release for favorable progress in reformation.

133
Q

to restore a criminal to a useful life, to a life in

which they contribute to themselves and to society.

A

rehabilitation

134
Q

punishment inflicted on someone as vengeance for a wrong or criminal act.

A

retribution

135
Q

A designation applied to a facility to describe the

measures taken, both inside and outside, to preserve security and custody.

A

security level

136
Q

security facilities are characterized by very tight internal and external security.

Those sentenced to death
Those sentenced with min. 20 years
Those remanded inmates/detainees with min. 20 years sentence
Those whose sentences is under review by SC (min.20 years)
Those whose sentences is under appeal (min.20 years)
Those with pending cases
Those who are recidivist

A

Maximum

137
Q

house notorious offenders and problem inmates from other institutions. These institutions utilize: Total isolation of inmates, Constant lockdowns

A

Ultra-Maximum/Super-Maximum Security Prison

138
Q

place fewer restrictions on inmate movement inside the facility.

Characteristics often include:(Medium)

      - Dormitory or barracks-type living quarters
      - No external security wall
      - Barbed wire rather than razor wire
      - Fences and towers that look less forbidding

      Houses the following inmates:
      - Those sentenced to less than 20 years
A

Medium-security institutions

139
Q

smaller and more open.

They often house inmates who:

      - Have established records of good behavior
      - Are nearing release

      Characteristics often include:(Minimum)
      - Dormitory or barracks living quarters
      - No fences
      - Some inmates may be permitted to leave during               the day  
        to work or study.
      - Some inmates may be granted furloughs
A

Minimum-security prisons

140
Q

was the third prison built by New York State. It is

a maximum security prison.

A

sing sing prison

141
Q

was a British prison administrator and

reformer, and founder of the Borstal system.

A

Sir Evelyn Ruggles Brise

142
Q

the director of Irish prisons. In his program,
known as the Irish system, prisoners progressed through three stages of confinement before they were returned to civilian life. The first portion of the sentence was served in isolation. After that, prisoners were assigned to group work projects.

A

Sir Walter Crofton

143
Q

instrument of punishment consisting of a heavy timber frame with holes in which the feet and sometimes the hands of an offender can be locked.

A

stocks

144
Q

Three major government functionaries involved in the Philippine correctional system

A
  1. DOJ
    2. DILG
    3. DSWD
145
Q

supervises the national penitentiaries through the Bureau of Corrections, administers the parole and probation system through the Parole and Probation Administration, and assists the President in the grant of executive clemency through the Board of Pardons and Parole.

A

DOJ

146
Q

supervises the provincial, district, city and municipal jails through the provincial governments and the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology, respectively.

A

DILG

147
Q

supervises the regional rehabilitation centres for youth offenders through the Bureau of Child and Youth Welfare.

A

DSWD

148
Q

a punishment in which offenders were transported from

their home nation to one of that nation’s colony to work.

A

transportation

149
Q

The Law of the Twelve Tables (Latin: Leges Duodecim
Tabularum or Duodecim Tabulae) was the ancient legislation that stood at the foundation of Roman law. Established basic procedural rights for all Roman citizens as against one another

A

twelve tables

150
Q

a reservoir for storing liquids, underground tank

for storing water. This was also used prison in ancient times.

A

underground cistern

151
Q

a tradition stemming from the late 18th- and 19th-century
English philosophers and economists Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill that an action is right if it tends to promote happiness and wrong if it tends to produce the reverse of happiness—not just the happiness of the performer of the action but also that of everyone affected by it.

A

Utilitarianism

152
Q

believes that fear of shame is a deterrent to crime.

A

voltaire

153
Q

opened in 1790 in Philadelphia. Considered the 1st

state prison. Inmates labored in solitary cells and received large doses of religious training.

A

wallnut street jail

154
Q

European forerunners of the modern U.S. prison, where

offenders were sent to learn discipline and regular work habits.

A

workhouses

155
Q

was a penologist and is sometimes regarded as

the Father of prison reform and Father of American Parole in the United States.

A

zebulon reed brockway

Correction (2 decks)

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