Institutional Aggression Flashcards

1
Q

5 stages in the process of genocide

A

Difficult social situations

Scapegoating of less powerful group

Negative evaluation + dehumanisation

Moral values + rules becoming inapplicable (killing begin)

Passivity of bystanders enhances process

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2
Q

Importation model

A

Irwin + Cressey

An individual’s behaviour in prison is influenced by their social histories and traits; they import aggressive behaviour into the institution

Many normative systems developed on outside would be imported into prison

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3
Q

Gang membership

A

Related to violence + other forms of antisocial behaviour

Members of street gangs offend at higher levels than non-gang members

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4
Q

Huff

A

Gang members in US were 10 times more likely to commit murder + 3 times more likely to assault someone in public than non-gang members

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5
Q

Deprivation model

A

Prisoner or patient aggression is the product of the stressful + oppressive conditions of the institution itself

Crowding, assumed to increase fear + frustration levels + staff experience

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6
Q

Support for deprivation model

A

Trainee nurses are more likely to suffer violent assault than experienced nurses

Also same for prison guards

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7
Q

Sykes

A

Pains of imprisonment

Deprivations that inmates experience in prison, which might be linked to an increase in violence

Threat to personal security increased anxiety levels in inmates even if majority of prisoners posed no threat

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8
Q

The 3 pains of imprisonment

A

Loss of liberty, loss of autonomy + loss of security

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9
Q

How may some prisoners cope with pains of imprisonment?

A

Withdraw through seclusion in their cell

Others chose to rebel in form of violence against other prisoners or staff

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10
Q

Dehumanisation

A

Members are seen as worthless animals + no worthy of moral consideration

Tutsi’s referred to as cokroaches

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11
Q

Obedience to authority

A

Milgram

The Holocaust was primarily the result of situational pressures that forced Nazi soldiers to obey their leaders regardless of any personal moral repugnance

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12
Q

Importation model support

A

Black inmates had higher rates of violent behaviour but lower rates of alcohol-related + drug-related misconduct than white inmates = parallel racial differences in US society

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13
Q

Weakness of gang membership

A

Research found inmates with prior street gang involvement were no more likely than other inmates to engage in prison environment

Might be explained by fact that violent gang members are more isolated from gen pop = restriction op for violence

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14
Q

Fischer

A

Isolating known gang members in a special management unit reduced the rates of serious assault by 50%

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15
Q

Research support for deprivation model

A

Found overcrowding, lack of privacy + lack of meaningful activity all significantly influenced peer violence

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16
Q

Limitation of deprivation model

A

Research is not consistent

Research found increased personal space failed to decrease the level of violent incidents among patients

17
Q

Challenge for deprivation model

A

The best indicator of violence among juvenile offenders was pre-institutional violence regardless of any situational factors in the institution

18
Q

Importation Vs Deprivation

A

Importation model was better able to explain violence against other inmates

Deprivation model was better able to explain violence against prison staff

19
Q

Evidence for consequences of dehumanisation

A

Seen in Holocaust

20
Q

Real-world application of dehumanisation

A

Social dominance orientation= personality variable which predicts social + political attitudes

High SDO = endorse social hierarchies + inter-group inequality

Indis with high SDO dehumanise outgroup members (asylum seekers)

21
Q

Real-world application of deprivation model

A

Violent prisoners given nicer prison e.g. lower temp, less noise + less prison like

Virtually eradicated assaults on prison staff

Political pressure (worst prisoners can’t get the best) = not allowed

22
Q

Obedience to authority

A

Mandel rejects Milgram’s claims that O to A was sufficient to explain behaviour of Holocaust perpetrators

It is monocausal + doesn’t match historical record