Instance Storage Flashcards
What is Elastic Block Store (EBS) and some of it’s features?
Can data be persisted after termination?
How many instances can it be mounted to at a time.
How many drives can one EC2 instance have.
Is an EBS bound to an AZ?
How much free storage do you get?
Network drive that you can attach to your instances. Think of it as a network USB stick.
Allows you to persist data even after termination
Can only be mounted to one instance at a time
One instance can have multiple drives
Bound to an AZ
Free 30GB Storage
What are some of the pros and cons of EBS being a network drive?
Is an EBS bound to an AZ? How can you move an EBS from one availability zone to another?
How are you billed?
What is the delete on termination attribute?
Pro: Can be detached and attached quickly to help with failover
Con: Uses the network so there may be some latency
By snapshotting it first then restoring.
You get billed by provisioned capacity GBs and IOPS.
Means the volume will be deleted after the EC2 instance it it attached to is terminated. This attribute is selected by default on root volumes. But not for manually created volumes.
What is an EBS Snapshot?
Is it necessary to detach the volume to create a snapshot?
Why are snapshots useful?
It’s a backup of your EBS volume that you can make at any time?
It is not necessary, but recommended.
Snapshots are useful for copying data from one AZ or Region to another.
What is an Amazon Machine Image (AMI)?
Why an an AMI useful?
What types of AMIs can EC2 instances be launched from?
An AMI represents a customization of an EC2 instance. You can add your own software, configuration operating system and monitoring.
It will allow you to have a faster boot/configuration time because all of your software is pre-packaged.
Public AMIs provided by AWS, Your own AMIs, and AWS Marketplace AMIs made by someone else.
What is an AMI tied to?
AMIs are built for a region and can be copied across regions.
What are the steps to create an AMI
- Start an EC2 instance and customize it
- Stop the instance (for data integrity)
- Build an AMI - This will also create an EBS spshot)
- Launch instances from other AMIs
What is an EC2 Instance Store?
Why would you use an EC2 Instance store vs an EBS drive?
What’s the downside of an EC2 Instance store?
How does an EC2 Instance store take care of backups?
What are the use cases for an EC2 instance store?
It’s a hardware disk attached to your EC2 instance.
For better performance. An EBS instance is a network drive which can cause latency. An instance store is physically connected to your instance, so it will perform better.. They also provide better IOPS
It is ephemeral. There is also a risk of data loss in the case of hardware failure.
It doesn’t, it’s your responsibility to handle this.
Good for buffer, cache, scratch data, temporary content.
What are the 6 volume types and what are they used for?
gp2/gp3 (SSD): General purpose SSD volume that balances price and performance for a wide variety of workloads
io1/io2 (SSD): Highest-performance SSD volume for mission critical low latency or high throughput workloads
st1 (HDD): Low cost HDD volume designed for frequently accessed throughput intensive workloads
sc1 (HDD): Lowest cost HDD volume designed for less frequently accessed workloads
How are EBS Volumes characterized?
Size/Throughput/IOPS
What does gp2/gp3 provide?
What are the uses of gp2/gp3?
What sizes does gp2/gp3 support
How may IOPS and how much throughput does gp3 provide?
How can the IOPS and throughput on gp3 be modified?
How may IOPS does gp2 provide?
How can the IOPS and throughput on gp2 be modified?
What’s one of the main things to remember about gp2 vs gp3?
Low cost, low latency disk
System boot volumes, Virtual desktops, Development and test envs
gp2/gp3 supports sizes of 1GB - 16TB
gp3 provides a a baseline of 3,000 IOPS and throughput of 125 MiB/s
The IOPS on gp3 can be increased up to 15,000 and the throughput can be increased to 1,000 MiB/s INDEPENDENTLY
Can burst up to 3,000 IOPS.
Size of the volume and IOPS are linked. Max IOPS is 16,000
The in GP3, the IOPS, Throughput and Disk size are not related, in GP2 they are.
What are Provisioned IOPS (PIOPS) SSD useful for?
What is the maximum number of PIOPS you can get for io1/io2?
Can PIOPS be provisioned indendependly from the storage size?
Why would you use io2 vs io1?
Critical business applications with sustained IOPS performance or applications that need more than 16,000 IOPS. They’re also great for database loads which are sensitive to storage performance.
64,000 with Nitro and 32,000 for other instance types.
Yes
io2 has more durability and more IOPS per GB (at the saem price as io1)
What is the latency on io2 Block express?
How many PIOPS do you get with io2 Block express?
What is the IOPS:GB ratio of io2 block express?
Why would yo use io2 Block express?
sub milisecond latency
A max of 256,000
1000:1
For the highest IOPS and lowest latency.
Which storage types support Multi Attatch?
PIOPS
What is the usecase for througput optimized HDD (st1)?
What is the max throughput of st1?
What is the use case for Cold HDD (sc1)
What is the max throughput and IOPS for SC1
What is one of the key limitations for hard disk drives (St1 and sc1)
Big data, Data Warehouses, Log processing.
500 Mib/s - Max IOPS 500
Data that is infrequently accessed where the lowest cost is important.
250 MiB/s - max IOPS 250
They cannot be a boot drive.
What is EBS multi-attach?
What is the use case for multi attach.
What must the application manage for this type of volume
What type of file system is needed in order to use multi attach?
It allows you to attach the same EBS volume to multipel ec2 instances in the same AZ.
Achieve high application availabililty in clustered linux applications (ex teradata)
The application must manage concurrent write operations.
A file system that is cluster aware.
