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Core competencies > Inspection > Flashcards

Inspection Flashcards

1
Q

What is the 4 step process when undertaking an inspection?

A
  1. consider your personal safety - know your firms health and safety procedures for a site inspection
  2. inspection of the local area
  3. external inspection
  4. internal inspection
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2
Q

What are key things to take on inspection?

A

Mobile phone
camera
Tape measure/ laser
Plans
Personal protection equipment
Pen and paper

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3
Q

What are key points to consider in the immediate area when on inspection?

A

Location
Local facilities
Public transport
Business vibrancy
Contamination
Environmental hazards
Comparable evidence
Local market conditions
Agents boards

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4
Q

What are key points to note on an external inspection

A

Method of construction
Repair and condition of the exterior
Car parking/ access
Defects/ structural movement
Check site boundaries with OS map
Ways to date the building - land reg

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5
Q

What are key points to note on an internal inspection

A

Layout and specification
Repair and maintenance
Defects
Services
Statutory compliance - asbestos, building regs, equality act 2010

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6
Q

What are the different inspection purposes

A

Valuation
Property management
Agency

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7
Q

What are the different types of foundations

A

Trench or strip footings
Raft
Piled
Pad

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8
Q

What are trench footings

A

Generally used for residential dwelings for walls and closely spaced columns

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9
Q

What is raft foundations

A

A slab foundation over the whole site to spread the load for lightweight structures for sandy soil condition

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10
Q

What are piled foundations

A

Long and slender reinforced concrete cylinders in the ground to deepen strata for load bearing purposes

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11
Q

What are pad foundations

A

a slab foundation system under individual or groups of columns so that the column load is spread evenly

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12
Q

What are the different types of brickwork

A

Solid wall construction
Cavity wall construction

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13
Q

What is a solid wall construction

A

The simplest type of wall is constructed in solid brickwork with headers, normally at least one brick thick and there are different bricklaying patterns incorporating headers, such as Flemish bond, to tie together the layers of brick

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14
Q

What is cavity wall construction

A

Two layers of brickwork are tired together with metal ties, with a cavity that may be filled with insulation

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15
Q

What are the two types of brick laying

A

Stretcher: a brick laid horizontally, flat with the long side of the brick exposed on the outer face of the wall
Header: a brick laid flat with the short end of the brick exposed

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16
Q

What is efflorescence

A

White marks caused by hydroscopic salts in the brick work. it is formed when water reacts with the natural salts

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17
Q

What is spalling

A

This is damaged brickwork where the surface of the bricks starts to crumble because of freeze/thaw action, after it has become saturated in the winter months

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18
Q

What are retail units primarily constructed of?

A

Steel or concrete frame
Services capped off
Concrete floor and no suspended ceiling

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19
Q

What are offices primarily constructed of?

A

Steel or concrete frame
Steel framed buildings have less columns
Concrete framed buildings have more columns, lower ceiling height

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20
Q

What is the institutional specification for offices and what features may be included?

A

British Council for Offices Guide to Offices Specification 2023
Full access raised floors with floor boxes
Approx. ceiling height of 2.6-2.8m
Maximised opportunities for daylight
A/C and passenger lifts
1 shower per 100 staff
1 cycle storage per 10 staff

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21
Q

What are the different types of air conditioning systems

A

Variable air volume
Fan coil
Variable refrigerant volume
Static cooling
Mechanical ventilation
Heat recovery systems
Comfort cooling

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22
Q

What is fan coil a/c

A

Usually 4 pipe
lower initial cost and good flexibility but higher operating and maintenance costs

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23
Q

What is static cooling

A

Chilled beam and displacement heating

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24
Q

What is mechanical ventilation

A

When fresh air is moved around the building

25
Q

What are the types of fit out

A

Shell and core
Cat A
Cat B

26
Q

What is a typical construction for industrial buildings

A

Steel portal frame with insulated profiled steel cladding walls and roof

27
Q

What are current institutal specifications that may be included for industrial

A

Minimum 8m clear eaves height
plastic coated steel profiled cladding
full height loading doors
main services capped off
LED lighting
Approx. 40% site coverage

28
Q

What is an inherent defect

A

A defect in the design or a material which has always been presentW

29
Q

What is a latent defect

A

Fault to the property that could not have been discovered bt a reasonably thorough inspection of the property

30
Q

If you identify any defects in the property, what are 4 key things you should note

A

Take a picture of the defect
Try to establish the cause of the damage whilst on site
Inform the client
Recommend advice from a building surveyor

31
Q

What are three common causes of a defect

A

Water
Movement
Deterioration of building materials

32
Q

What is subsidence?

A

The vertical downward movement of a building founcation caused by the loss of support of the site beneath the foundation. This could be as a result of changes in the underlying ground conditions

33
Q

What is heave?

A

The expansion of the round beneath part or all of the building. Could be caused by tree removal and subsequent moisture build up in the soil

34
Q

What is horizontal crackning?

A

May indicate cavity wall tie failure in a brick wall

35
Q

What is shrinkage cracking

A

In new plasterwork during the drying out process

36
Q

What is wet rot?

A

Caused by damp and tinder decay
Signs include wet and soft timber, a high damp meter reading, visible fungal growth and a musty smell

37
Q

What is dry rot?

A

Caused inside by fungal attack
Signs include fungus, a strong smell, cracking walls, red spores

38
Q

What is rising damp

A

Usually stops 1.5 m above ground level

39
Q

What is condensation

A

Caused by a lack of ventilation and background heating
Signs include mould and streaming water on the inside of windows

40
Q

What are common building defects in period buildings?

A

Dry rot, wet rot, tile slippage, death watch beetle, damp penetration at roof and ground level, water ingress around door

41
Q

What are common building defects in modern industrial buildings?

A

Roof leaks around roof lights, damaged cladding panels, cut edge corrosion, blocked valley gutters, water damage

42
Q

What are common building defects in modern office buildings?

A

Damp penetration at roof and ground floor level, water damage from burst pipes, structural movement, damaged cladding and cavity wall tie failure

43
Q

Is there any guidance notes on contamination?

A

RICS guidance note: contamination, the environment and sustainability 2010

44
Q

What does the guidance note state in relation to contatminated land

A

General principle is that the landowner/ polluter must pay for the remediation
A desk top study to review previous use of site

45
Q

What are three typical phases of investigation

A

Phase 1 - review site history with a desk top study and site inspection and investigation
Phase 2 - Investigation to identify nature and extent of contamination with detailed soil samples taken using bore holes
Phase 3 - remediation report setting out remedial options with design requirements and monitoring standards

46
Q

What are key points to consider when instructed to value a site with contamination

A

Do not provide any advice until a specialist report is comissioned
Caveat the advice provided with an appropriate disclamer highlighting the issue/use of a special assumption
Deduct the remediation costs from the gross site value

47
Q

What is land remediation relief?

A

A form of tax relief that applied to contaminated or derelict land in the UK
It allows companies to claim up to 150% corporation tax deduction for expenditure in remediating the land

48
Q

What are deleterious materials and signs to potential problems

A

Can degrade with age causing structural problems
Brown staining on concrete, concrete frame building and 1960’s/1970’s buildings as well as modern buildings

49
Q

What is an example of deleterious materials

A

Reinforced autoclaved aerated concrete (RAAC)
High alumina cement
Woodwool shuttering
Calcium chloride

50
Q

What are three examples of hazardous materials

A

Asbestos
Lead piping/paint
Radon gas

51
Q

What is Japanese knotweed?

A

an invasive plant which can damage hard surfaces such as foundations and tarmac

52
Q

What problems can Japanese Knotweed cause?

A

It is not easy to control
Costly to eradicate - specialist company needed
Great concern to property lenders who may refuse a loan if it is located on the property/ nearby

53
Q

What does Japanese knotweed look like?

A

Purple/green hollow stemmed with green leaves

54
Q

How do you remove Japanese knotweed

A

Disposed of legally by using a chemical treatment, digging it out and removing it from site to a liscenced land fill in accordance with the Environmental act 1990

55
Q

Is there a statement from RICS regarding Japanese knotweed

A

RICS Professional Standard: Japanese Knotweed and residential property 2022

56
Q

What are the repercussions of allowing Japanese knotweed to spread

A

Maximum fine of £5,000 and/or 6 months prison sentence

57
Q

What are types of invasive plant species

A

Hogweed
Himalayan Balsam
Japanese knotweed

58
Q

Are there any key case studies regarding invasive plant species?

A

Williams vs Network Rail Infrastructure ltd 2018
Network rail were held liable for the cost of treating the invasive plant plus the damages to the neighbours land

Core competencies (3 decks)

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