insect anatomy test Flashcards
what is the purpose of ocelli?
small, simple eyes that detect light
what is the purpose of compound eyes?
many small units that distinguish brightness and color
what is the purpose of the antennae?
covered in sensory cells that respond to touch, vibrations, and chemicals
what is the purpose of palps?
are segmented appendages that funnel food towards the mouth
where is the vertex located?
top of the head
where is the frons located?
center, front of the head
where are the gena located?
side of the head
what are appendages?
projections from the main body that are specialized for different tasks
what are the 5 classes of arthropods?
trilobitomorpha, chelicerata, myripoda, crustacea, hexapoda
what is classified as a trilobitomorpha?
aquatic, no specialized appendages or segments, extinct
what is classified as a chelicerata?
2 body segments, 6 pairs of appendages, no antennae
what is classified as a myripoda?
centipedes - carnivorous, 1 pair of legs per body segment
millipedes - herbivorous, 2 pairs of legs per body segment
what is classified as a crustacea?
aquatic, more than 4 pairs of appendages (often claws)
what is classified as a hexapoda?
3 body segments, 3 pairs of legs, most have antennae and wings
what are the 5 different types of insect mouthparts and their purpose?
- chewing - biting: for cutting, tearing, crushing, and lifting
- piercing - sucking: tube with sharpened part
- siphoning: coiled up proboscis
- sponging: used to absorb liquid
- chewing - lapping: tongue like labium and small mandibles
what does the ganglia do?
nerve cells that control the movement of each body segment
what is the ventral nerve cord?
transits information from sensory nerves to the ganglia
what are spiracles?
holes that allow oxygen to diffuse through the exoskeleton
what is the trachea?
tiny tubes that deliver oxygen into the body
what color is insect blood & why?
pale yellow due to lack of hemoglobin
what type of circulatory system do insects have?
open circulatory systems
what does a crop do?
mixes food with saliva
what does the stomach do?
where chemical digestion takes place
what does the intestine do?
nutrients are absorbed here
what do the malpighian tubules do?
eliminate blood wastes
describe the muscular system
flextor (bending) & extensor (straightening) muscles enables faster movement cause its smaller
what do pheromones do?
external chemicals that communicate locations of food / danger
what do hormones do?
internal chemicals that deliver signals when to grow
