Input, Output And Storage Devices Flashcards
What is an input device?
A device used to enter information into a computer
What is an output device?
A device that presents digitally stored data from a computer, converted into a form that humans can process
What is a storage device?
An internal or external device used for the temporary or permanent storage of data
Give 5 examples of input devices
- Mouse
- Keyboard
- Microphone
- Scanner
- Webcam
Give 5 examples of output devices
- Monitor
- Speaker
- Printer
- Projector
- Vibrator (in console)
Give 5 examples of storage devices
- CD
- DVD
- HDD
- DAT tape
- USB stick
What is optical storage?
Secondary storage where data is stored in pits and lands burnt onto a disc and read by a laser
What is magnetic storage?
Secondary storage where data is stored using polarised magnetic metal where the polarity represents a 0 or a 1
What is solid state storage?
Compact secondary storage where data is stored on semiconductor chips
What is a drive?
A device that reads and writes data from secondary storage
What is storage media?
The device data is actually stored on
Name 3 advantages of optical storage
- Cheap to produce
- Lightweight
- Portable
Name 3 disadvantages of optical storage
- Slow to access data as it is real in a spiral
- Prone to scratches
- Low capacity compared to other storage media
Name 2 advantages of magnetic storage
- Cheap
- Large capacity
Name 2 disadvantages of magnetic storage
- Slow to read data
- Fragile
Name 3 advantages of solid state storage
- Durable
- Fast to access data
- Low power
Name 2 disadvantages of solid state storage
- Limited number of read/write cycles
- Expensive
Name 3 types of optical storage media
- CD (CD-R + CD-RW)
- DVD (DVD-R + DVD-RW)
- Blu-ray
Name 2 types of magnetic storage media
- HDD
- DAT Tape
Name 3 types of solid state media
- SSD
- USB stick
- Flash Drive (eg. SD card)
What is flash storage?
Non volatile solid state storage
What is ROM?
Small piece of non volatile read only memory that contains the bootstrap
What is RAM?
Temporary volatile store of currently executing instructions and their data
What is the bootstrap?
Initial startup instructions to load the OS
Describe the process of loading the OS
- ROM load the bootstrap to begin a POST
- The POST sends signals to all connected components (eg. RAM, HDD etc.) to inform the CPU of their existence
What does POST stand for?
Power-on self test
What does volatile mean?
When the power is turned off all data is lost
Name 4 examples of primary storage
- RAM
- ROM
- Registers
- Cache
What is secondary storage?
Long term, non volatile storage
Is RAM volatile?
Yes
Is ROM volatile?
No
Which memory space are instructions executed in the computer?
From RAM
Why are instructions executed in RAM instead of the hard disk?
It is too slow to execute from the hard disk
Why are instructions executed in RAM instead of the ROM?
It is too slow to execute from ROM
Compare RAM and ROM in terms of capacity
RAM has a much higher capacity than ROM
What is virtual storage?
Storing and receiving information remotely over the internet rather than locally
Name 3 advantages of virtual storage
- Data can be accessed from anywhere as long as the user has an internet connection
- Easier to share and transfer data
- No capacity limit (more storage can easily be added without affecting existing storage)
Name 3 disadvantages of virtual storage
- Can be expensive
- A poor internet connection can lead to slow access speeds
- Data cannot be accessed without an internet connection
Name 2 examples of virtual storage
- Cloud storage
- Networked storage (eg. in schools or offices)
What does OCR stand for?
Optical Character Recognition
What does OMR stand for?
Optical Character Recognition
What is the difference between OCR and OMR?
OCR detects characters (eg. numbers, letters etc.), OMR detects marks (eg. by shading in a box)
