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Chapter 3 Biological Molecules > Inorganic Ions > Flashcards

Inorganic Ions Flashcards

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Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

What elements make up carbohydrates?

A

-C, H and O.

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2
Q

What elements make up lipids?

A

-C, H and O.

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3
Q

What elements make up proteins?

A

-C, H, O, N and S.

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4
Q

What elements make up nucleic acids?

A

-C, H, O, N and P.

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5
Q

How many bonds can hydrogen make?

A

-1.

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6
Q

How many bonds can oxygen make?

A

-2.

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7
Q

How many bonds can nitrogen make?

A

-3.

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8
Q

How many bonds can carbon make?

A

-4.

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9
Q

What is an ion?

A

-Atom with an electric charge.

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10
Q

What is a cation?

A

-Ion with positive charge.

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11
Q

What is an anion?

A

-Ion with negative charge.

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12
Q

What is an inorganic ion?

A

-Ion that doesn’t contain carbon.

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13
Q

What are the 5 cations?

A
  • Calcium.
  • Sodium.
  • Potassium.
  • Hydrogen.
  • Ammonium.
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14
Q

What are the 5 anions?

A
  • Nitrate.
  • Hydrogencarbonate.
  • Chloride.
  • Phosphate.
  • Hydroxide.
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15
Q

What is the chemical symbol and function of calcium?

A
  • Ca^2+.

- Transmission of nerve impulses and release of insulin.

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16
Q

What is the chemical symbol and function of sodium?

A
  • Na^+.

- Generating nerve impulses, muscle contraction and regulating fluids.

17
Q

What is the chemical symbol and function of potassium?

A
  • K^+.

- Generating nerve impulses, muscle contraction and regulating fluids.

18
Q

What is the chemical symbol and function of hydrogen?

A
  • H^+

- Affect pH of substances, and important for photosynthesis.

19
Q

What is the chemical symbol and function of ammonium?

A
  • NH(down)4^+.

- Absorbed from soil and important source of nitrogen.

20
Q

What is the chemical symbol and function of nitrate?

A
  • NO(down)3^-.

- Absorbed from soil and important source of nitrogen.

21
Q

What is the chemical symbol and function of hydrogencarbonate?

A
  • HCO(down)3^-.

- Acts as a buffer and maintains blood pH.

22
Q

What is the chemical symbol and function of chloride?

A
  • Cl^-.

- Help maintain blood pH during gas exchange.

23
Q

What is the chemical symbol and function of phosphate?

A
  • PO(down)4^3-.

- Photosynthesis and respiration, and needed for synthesis of biological molecules such as nucleotides.

24
Q

What is the chemical symbol and function of hydroxide?

A
  • OH^-.

- Affects pH of substances.

Chapter 3 Biological Molecules (10 decks)

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