inorganic ions

Question 1

iron ions

Answer 1

-function part of the haem group in haemoglobin and bind to oxygen. responsible for transporting oxygen around the body.
iron ions are also an essential part of photosynthesis and respiration reactions by forming a part of the electron transport chain because they are part of cytochrome.
During the electron transport process, this iron ion switches between the Fe3+ and Fe2+ oxidation states, which allows for electrons to be accepted and donated

Question 2

sodium ions

Answer 2

required for the co-transport of glucose and amino acids
because sodium is moved out of the membrane through active transport creating a sodium concentration gradient.
across cell surface membranes
also responsible for transmission of nerve impulses

Question 3

phosphate ions

Answer 3

Joins nucleotides/in phosphodiester bond/in backbone of
DNA/RNA/in nucleotides;
Phosphorylates other compounds (usually) making them more
reactive;
found in phospholipids needed to form the phospholipid bilayer.

Question 4

calcium ions

Answer 4

Ca2+ is essential in the movement of organisms:
In synapses, calcium ions regulate the transmission of impulses from neurone to neurone
Ca2+ can also help to regulate protein channels, which affects the permeability of cell membranes

Many enzymes are activated by Ca2+, making these ions key regulators in many biological reactions

The presence of Ca2+ is also necessary for the formation of blood clots (it is known as a clotting factor)