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Chemistry > Inorganic Chemistry > Flashcards

Inorganic Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the electron configuration of sodium (Na)?

A

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹

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2
Q

True or False: Transition metals typically have variable oxidation states.

A

True

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3
Q

What is the common oxidation state of group 1 alkali metals?

A

+1

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: The p-block elements include groups ___ to ___ of the periodic table.

A

13 to 18

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5
Q

Which element has the highest electronegativity?

A

Fluorine

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6
Q

What is the shape of the methane (CH₄) molecule?

A

Tetrahedral

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7
Q

True or False: All group 2 elements react with water.

A

False

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8
Q

What is the formula for the hydroxide ion?

A

OH⁻

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9
Q

What type of bond is formed between sodium and chlorine in sodium chloride (NaCl)?

A

Ionic bond

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10
Q

What is the primary characteristic of noble gases?

A

They are inert and do not readily form compounds.

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11
Q

Which element is a liquid at room temperature?

A

Bromine

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12
Q

True or False: The atomic radius generally decreases across a period.

A

True

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13
Q

What is the coordination number of a complex ion?

A

The number of ligand donor atoms bonded to the central metal ion.

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14
Q

Which ion has the formula Fe³⁺?

A

Ferric ion

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15
Q

What is the primary use of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) in industry?

A

As a white pigment.

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16
Q

Which type of reaction involves the transfer of electrons?

A

Redox reaction

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17
Q

Fill in the blank: The oxidation state of chlorine in NaClO is ___

A

+1

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18
Q

What is the main property of transition metals that makes them useful as catalysts?

A

They can easily change oxidation states.

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19
Q

What is the formula for the sulfate ion?

A

SO₄²⁻

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20
Q

True or False: All metals are good conductors of electricity.

A

True

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21
Q

What is the term for the energy required to remove an electron from an atom?

A

Ionization energy

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22
Q

Which element is the lightest noble gas?

A

Helium

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23
Q

What does the term ‘ligand’ refer to in coordination chemistry?

A

A molecule or ion that donates a pair of electrons to a central metal atom.

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24
Q

What is the chemical formula for ammonium?

A

NH₄⁺

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25
Q

Which compound is formed when sulfur reacts with oxygen?

A

Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)

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26
Q

What is the oxidation state of sulfur in H₂SO₄?

A

+6

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27
Q

True or False: Alkali metals become more reactive as you move down the group.

A

True

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28
Q

What type of hybridization occurs in ethylene (C₂H₄)?

A

sp² hybridization

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29
Q

What is the general formula for alkanes?

A

CₙH₂ₙ₊₂

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30
Q

What is the empirical formula of glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆)?

A

CH₂O

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31
Q

What is the primary feature of ionic compounds?

A

They form a crystalline lattice structure.

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32
Q

What is the chemical name for Fe₂O₃?

A

Iron(III) oxide

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33
Q

Fill in the blank: The term for a substance that donates protons in a chemical reaction is ___

A

Acid

34
Q

What is the primary difference between a strong acid and a weak acid?

A

A strong acid completely dissociates in solution, while a weak acid partially dissociates.

35
Q

Which element has the atomic number 26?

A

Iron (Fe)

36
Q

What is the chemical formula for calcium carbonate?

A

CaCO₃

37
Q

True or False: The pH of pure water is 7 at 25°C.

A

True

38
Q

What is the process of converting a solid directly to a gas called?

A

Sublimation

39
Q

What type of isomerism occurs when compounds have the same molecular formula but different structural formulas?

A

Structural isomerism

40
Q

What is the common oxidation state of chlorine in chlorates?

A

+5

41
Q

Fill in the blank: The process of a liquid turning into vapor is called ___

A

Evaporation

42
Q

What is the term for a solution that resists changes in pH upon the addition of small amounts of acid or base?

A

Buffer solution

43
Q

Which gas is produced when an acid reacts with a carbonate?

A

Carbon dioxide (CO₂)

44
Q

What is the main characteristic of metals in terms of their electron configuration?

A

They have few electrons in their outer shell.

45
Q

True or False: The boiling point of water is higher than that of methane.

A

True

46
Q

What is the formula for the nitrate ion?

A

NO₃⁻

47
Q

Fill in the blank: The oxidation state of nitrogen in ammonia (NH₃) is ___

A

-3

48
Q

What is the primary use of sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) in industry?

A

As a strong acid and dehydrating agent.

49
Q

What is the term for the energy change that occurs when one mole of an ionic compound is formed from its gaseous ions?

A

Lattice energy

50
Q

What is the chemical formula for potassium permanganate?

A

KMnO₄

51
Q

True or False: All d-block elements are transition metals.

A

False

52
Q

What is the formula for the carbonate ion?

A

CO₃²⁻

53
Q

Which type of bond is characterized by the sharing of electron pairs between atoms?

A

Covalent bond

54
Q

What is the oxidation state of phosphorus in phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄)?

A

+5

55
Q

Fill in the blank: The term for a negatively charged ion is ___

A

Anion

56
Q

What is the primary characteristic of metalloids?

A

They have properties of both metals and non-metals.

57
Q

What is the name of the process by which an atom or molecule gains electrons?

A

Reduction

58
Q

True or False: The first ionization energy generally increases down a group.

A

False

59
Q

What is the term for the energy required to break a bond between two atoms?

A

Bond dissociation energy

60
Q

What is the chemical name for NaOH?

A

Sodium hydroxide

61
Q

What is the primary component of natural gas?

A

Methane (CH₄)

62
Q

Which gas is typically produced during the electrolysis of water?

A

Hydrogen and oxygen

63
Q

Fill in the blank: The oxidation state of manganese in KMnO₄ is ___

A

+7

64
Q

What is the primary use of hydrochloric acid (HCl)?

A

As a strong acid in various industrial processes.

65
Q

What type of reaction occurs when an acid and a base neutralize each other?

A

Neutralization reaction

66
Q

True or False: Isotopes have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

A

True

67
Q

What is the term for the process of converting a gas into a liquid?

A

Condensation

68
Q

What is the chemical formula for silver nitrate?

A

AgNO₃

69
Q

Which element is used in the production of stainless steel?

A

Chromium

70
Q

What oxidation state does chlorine typically exhibit in chlorides?

A

-1

71
Q

What is the primary characteristic of a strong base?

A

It completely dissociates in solution to produce hydroxide ions.

72
Q

What is the oxidation state of carbon in carbon dioxide (CO₂)?

A

+4

73
Q

Fill in the blank: The term for the energy change when an atom gains an electron is ___

A

Electron affinity

74
Q

What is the primary use of sodium bicarbonate (baking soda)?

A

As a leavening agent in baking.

75
Q

What is the name of the process where a solid turns into a gas without becoming liquid?

A

Sublimation

76
Q

True or False: All alkali metals are soluble in water.

A

True

77
Q

What is the chemical formula for acetic acid?

A

CH₃COOH

78
Q

What is the common oxidation state of group 17 elements?

A

-1

79
Q

What type of reaction involves the combination of two or more substances to form a single product?

A

Synthesis reaction

80
Q

Which element is most commonly used in batteries?

A

Lithium

81
Q

What is the chemical formula for phosphoric acid?

A

H₃PO₄

Chemistry (4 decks)

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