Inorganic Chemistry

Question 1

Flame Tests

Answer 1

Lithium - Red
Sodium - Yellow
Potassium - Purple
Calcium - Orange / Red
Copper - Green

Question 2

Chlorine Test

Answer 2

Dampen blue litmus paper
Put it in gas sample
Paper will turn white
Paper might briefly turn red and then white

Question 3

Oxygen Test

Answer 3

Put glowing splint in gas sample
Glowing splint will relight

Question 4

Hydrogen Test

Answer 4

Squeaky pop test
Put burning splint in sample
Will hear squeaky pop

Question 5

Carbon Dioxide Test

Answer 5

Put gas sample in limewater
Limewater will turn cloudy

Question 6

metal + water

Answer 6

metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 7

metal + acid

Answer 7

salt + hydrogen

Question 8

metal oxide + acid

Answer 8

salt + water

Question 9

acid + metal carbonate

Answer 9

salt + water + carbon dioxide

Question 10

insoluble compounds

Answer 10

All carbonates
All hydroxides
(Except potassium, sodium, ammonium)

Question 11

soluble compounds

Answer 11

potassium compounds
ammonium compounds
sodium compounds
Most sulfates (lead, barium, calcium)
Most chlorides (lead, silver)

Question 12

Metal hydroxide tests (cation test)

Answer 12

React metal ions with sodium hydroxide

Copper = blue precipitate
Calcium = white precipitate
Magnesium = white precipitate
Iron 2 = green precipitate
Iron 3 = brown precipitate

Question 13

Anions Test

Answer 13

Carbonates:
Add dilute HCL to carbonate
Test gas with limewater
If carbonate, carbon dioxide would be released

Sulphates:
Add HCL
Add barium ions
If sulphate, white precipitate will form

Halide Ions: Chromide, Bromide, Iodide
Add nitric acid
Add silver nitrate
Chloride : white precipitate
Bromide: cream precipitate
Iodide: yellow precipitate

Question 14

Hydrogen test

Answer 14

Hold lighted splint over gas
If squeaky pop, hydrogen is present

Question 15

Oxygen test

Answer 15

Relights a glowing split

Question 16

Chlorine test

Answer 16

Bleaches damp blue litmus paper

Question 17

Ammonia and Ammonium Ions Test

Answer 17

Turns damp red litmus paper blue

Ammonium
-Add hydroxide
-Turns damp red litmus paper blue

Question 18

methyl orange

Answer 18

red in acid
yellow in alkali

Question 19

phenolphthalein

Answer 19

colourless in acid
pink in alkali

Question 20

Litmus paper

Answer 20

red in acid
blue in alkali

Question 21

ph of metal and non-metal oxides

Answer 21

metal - alkali
non-metal - acidic

Question 22

Uses of fuels

Answer 22

Refinery gases - Domestic use (heating and cooking)

Petroleum - Fuel for cars

Kerosene - Fuel for aircraft

Diesel - Fuel for some cars and trains

Fuel oil - fuel for ships and power stations

Bitumen - Roads and roofs

Question 23

metal properties

Answer 23

Good conductors of heat and electricity
Malleable
Shiny
High
High melting and boiling points
Sonorous

Question 24

non - metal properties

Answer 24

dull
lower melting and boiling points
brittle

Question 25

water test

Answer 25

turns white anhydrous copper sulfate blue

Question 26

crystallisation

Answer 26

soluble solid from solvent

Question 27

formula of metal oxide by combustion

Answer 27

Eg, Magnesium Oxide
1) Weigh crucible
2) Place magnesium
3) Weigh again
4) Heat crucible and lift lid every few seconds
5) Allows contents to cool then heat

Oxygen added so mass increases
Find mass of magnesium
Find mass of oxygen

Find formula using moles

Question 28

formula of metal oxide by reduction

Answer 28

Place copper oxide in tube
Pass hydrogen gas over copper oxide
Ignite excess hydrogen
Heat copper oxide until reaction is finished

Oxygen removed so mass decreases
Find mass of oxygen
Find mass of copper
Find formula using moles

Question 29

iron wool experiment to find percentage of oxygen in air

Answer 29

total volume in apparatus at beginning
only volume of gas syringe changes

initial volume - final volume / initial volume

Question 30

chlorine displacing bromine

Answer 30

orange solution

Question 31

colour of displacements w iodine

Answer 31

brown solution