Innominates Flashcards
Function of Ligaments
limit abnormal or excessive movements at a joint
permit normal motion
slightly elastic
part of a reflex response to excessive movement
Iliolumbar ligament
from ilia to 5th lumbar vertebrae
restrict ant. motion of L5
upper part of sacroiliac lig. also attaches to L5 but blends in w/ iliolumbar lig. Also stabilizes anterior motion of the lower lumbar spine
Sacrospinous ligament
sacrum to spine of the ischium
divides space above and below into a greater and lesser sciatic foramen
part of the coccygeus m.
Sacroiliac ligament (anterior, interosseous, dorsal)
covers much of the sacroiliac joint, ant. and post.
restrains anterior movement of sacrum
glut. max., long head of biceps femoris tendon, piriformis all attach
connects w/ fascia of the pelvis
pubic symphysis
secondary cartilaginous joint surfaces of the articulating bones are covered w/ hyalin cartilage and the bones are united by strong fibrous CT and or fibrocartilage strong, slightly moveable joint fibrocartilagenous joint has a disc the interpubic disc
flexors
pull pelvis anteriorly iliacus psoas rectus femoris sartorius
extensors
pull pelvis posteriorly semimembranosus semitendinosus gracillis sartorius biceps femoris gluteus maxius adductor magnus
adductors
stabilize and pull medially
adductor magnus
adductor brevis
adductor longus
abductors
stabilize and pull laterally
gluteus medius
gluteus minimus
tensor fascia lata
external rotators
externally rotate piriformis obturator internus/externus gemellus superior/inferior quadratus femoris
+ standing
+ seated
sacral
- standing
+ seated
sacral
+ standing
- seated
innominate
- standing
- seated
normal
anterior innominate rotation
ASIS is inferior
PSIS is superior
medial malleolus is inferior (long)
posterior innominate rotation
ASIS is superior
PSIS is inferior
medial malleolus is superior
superior shear
ASIS, PSIS, and medial malleolus are superior on the affected side (short)
inferior shear
ASIS, PSIS and medial malleolus are inferior on these affected side (long)
innominate flares
flare is apparent when the ASIS is more medial on one side compared to the other
measure from the xyphoid to each ASIS
the closer ASIS is the inflare if found on the die with the positive pelvic compression
public shears
positive standing flexion test: on dysfunctional side the innominate as it articulates with the sacrum will lock out and move most cephalad
pelvic compression test: pain on affected side with
often see with rotations or upslips
