Innate Immunity Flashcards by Jessica Marquez

Q

Skin and mucous membranes (epithelial cells)

A

Mechanical defenses; e.g. washing hands, sweating

Chemical defenses; e.g. low pH,

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Q

Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)

A

Mechanical and chemical defenses

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Q

SALT: skin associated lymphoid tissue

A

Mechanical and chemical defenses

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Q

GALT: gut associated lymphoid tissue

A

Mechanical and chemical defenses

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Q

BALT: bronchial associated lymphoid tissue

A

Mechanical and chemical defenses

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Q

Diffuse tissues of the urogenital systems

A

Mechanical and chemical defenses

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Q

Phagocytic cells

A

Phagocytosis: ingest and kill bacteria and fungi

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Q

• neutrophils

A

Ingest and kill bacteria

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Q

• macrophages

A

Ingest and kill foreign cells

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Q

Proinflammatory cells

A

Induce host defenses and inflammation

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Q

macrophages

A

Strategic participants in certain specific immune

reactions

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Q

• mast cells

A

Trigger local inflammatory reactions and responsible for

many allergic symptoms

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Q

• eosinophils

A

Active in worm and fungal infections, allergy, and

inflammatory reactions

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Q

• basophils

A

Function in inflammatory events and allergies

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Q

platelets

A

Involved in blood clotting and inflammation

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Q

Natural killer (NK) cells

A

Kill virus-infected host cells and tumor cells

Q

Antigen-presenting cells

A

Recognize, process, and present antigens to

lymphocytes. Initiate adaptive immune responses.

Q

• dendritic cells

A

Responsible for processing foreign matter and

presenting it to lymphocytes

Q

macrophages

A

Strategic participants in certain specific immune

reactions

Q

Anitmicrobial peptides

A

Kill microorganisms

Q

Complement

A

Enhances phagocytosis (opsonization)
Induces inflammation
Kills some microorganisms

Q

Cytokines

A

Activate innate and adaptive defenses

Q

Chemokines

A

Attract leukocytes

Q

Kinins

A

Induce inflammation

Acute phase proteins

Enhance cellular and humoral defenses

Enzymes

Kill and digest microorganisms

Increased blood supply (erythema)

Brings more antimicrobial cells and proteins to the site | of infection

Increased vascular permeability (edema)

Brings more antimicrobial proteins to the site of | infection

Chemotaxis (induration)

Infiltration of infection site with white cells

Fever

Increased body temperature to inhibit microbial growth | and limit iron availability