Innate Immunity

Question 1

Which cells are invloved in innate immunity

Answer 1

macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, NK cells, mast cells, basophils, eusinophils

Question 2

How does skin, mucous, tears and the gut help defense (innate barriers)

Answer 2

Skin: Defensins, IgA in sweat and mucous

Mucous membranes: blockage of attachment sites

tears: lysozyme, digestive enzyme secreted in saliva and tears and hydrolyses polysaccharide components of bacterial and yeast cell wall.

gut: acid

Question 3

What are pamps

(recognition)

Answer 3

Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns - patterns shared by broad classes of pathogens e.g flagellin on bacteria, ds RNA and ss RNA on viruses

Question 4

What is PRR

Answer 4

Pattern Recognition Receptor, located on cell surface of innate immune cells

Question 5

what are damps

Answer 5

Damage Associated Molecular Patterns - a large number of related intracellular proteins or nucleic acids released by necrotic cells at the site of necrosis.

Question 6

How do Anti-microbial peptides function in innate defense

Answer 6

Attack pathogens or impede replication e.g defensins (our natural antibiotic)

Question 7

How do complements work

Answer 7

It consists of over 20 proteins synthesized in the liver, defends against fungi ad bacteria

Allows for:
Opsonisation(enhancement of phagocytosis) (C3b)

Inflammation through recruitment of mast cells

Complement mediated cytotoxicity through formation of MAC

Question 8

What do type 1 interferons do

Answer 8

They are cytokines produced by almost all nucleated cells, interfere with viral replication.

Question 9

Which cells phagocytose

Answer 9

neutrophil, monocyte, macrophage, dendritic cell