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MLS 420 > Innate & Adaptive IS > Flashcards

Innate & Adaptive IS Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two main types of immune systems?

A

Innate immune system and adaptive immune system.

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2
Q

True or False: The innate immune system is specific to particular pathogens.

A

False.

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3
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ immune system provides a rapid response to pathogens.

A

innate

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4
Q

What type of immune cells are primarily involved in the innate immune response?

A

Phagocytes, like macrophages and neutrophils.

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5
Q

Which immune system develops memory against specific pathogens?

A

Adaptive immune system.

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6
Q

True or False: The adaptive immune system takes longer to respond than the innate immune system.

A

True.

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7
Q

What are antibodies?

A

Proteins produced by B cells that specifically bind to antigens.

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8
Q

Multiple Choice: Which cells are responsible for the cell-mediated immune response? A) B cells B) T cells C) Phagocytes

A

B) T cells.

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9
Q

What is the role of memory cells in the adaptive immune system?

A

To provide a faster and stronger response upon re-exposure to the same pathogen.

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10
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ immune response is characterized by the production of antibodies.

A

humoral

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11
Q

What is an antigen?

A

A substance that induces an immune response, typically a foreign protein or polysaccharide.

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12
Q

True or False: The innate immune system involves the use of antibodies.

A

False.

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13
Q

What are the primary components of the innate immune system?

A

Physical barriers, phagocytic cells, and the complement system.

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14
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a component of the adaptive immune system? A) B cells B) T cells C) Natural killer cells

A

C) Natural killer cells.

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15
Q

What type of immunity is provided by vaccination?

A

Adaptive immunity.

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16
Q

Fill in the blank: ______ cells help regulate the immune response and can kill infected cells.

A

T

17
Q

What is the function of the complement system?

A

To enhance the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear pathogens.

18
Q

True or False: Innate immunity is present at birth.

A

True.

19
Q

What is the role of dendritic cells in the immune system?

A

To capture and present antigens to T cells.

20
Q

Multiple Choice: Which type of T cell is primarily involved in killing infected cells? A) Helper T cells B) Cytotoxic T cells C) Regulatory T cells

A

B) Cytotoxic T cells.

21
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ immune response is activated by the recognition of specific antigens.

A

adaptive

22
Q

What is the difference between active and passive immunity?

A

Active immunity is developed through exposure to antigens, while passive immunity is acquired through antibodies from another source.

23
Q

True or False: Phagocytosis is a process used by both innate and adaptive immune systems.

A

False.

24
Q

What are cytokines?

A

Signaling proteins released by cells that affect the behavior of other cells in the immune response.

25
Q

Multiple Choice: Which cell type is primarily responsible for producing antibodies? A) T cells B) B cells C) Macrophages

A

B) B cells.

26
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ immune response can take days to weeks to fully develop.

A

adaptive

27
Q

What is the first line of defense in the innate immune system?

A

Physical barriers such as skin and mucous membranes.

28
Q

True or False: Natural killer cells are part of the adaptive immune response.

A

False.

29
Q

What is clonal selection in the context of the adaptive immune system?

A

The process by which specific B or T cells are activated and proliferate in response to an antigen.

30
Q

Multiple Choice: Which type of immunity is developed after recovery from an infection? A) Natural active B) Artificial active C) Natural passive

A

A) Natural active.

31
Q

Fill in the blank: ______ immunity is provided by maternal antibodies transferred to an infant.

A

Passive

32
Q

What role do helper T cells play in the immune response?

A

They assist other immune cells by releasing cytokines and enhancing their responses.

33
Q

True or False: The adaptive immune system can respond to previously encountered pathogens more effectively due to memory cells.

A

True.

34
Q

What is the purpose of immunological memory?

A

To enable a faster and more effective response to pathogens that the body has previously encountered.

35
Q

Multiple Choice: Which type of immune response involves the activation of B cells? A) Cell-mediated B) Humoral C) Innate

A

B) Humoral.

MLS 420 (2 decks)

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