Innate & Adaptive IS Flashcards
What are the two main types of immune systems?
Innate immune system and adaptive immune system.
True or False: The innate immune system is specific to particular pathogens.
False.
Fill in the blank: The ______ immune system provides a rapid response to pathogens.
innate
What type of immune cells are primarily involved in the innate immune response?
Phagocytes, like macrophages and neutrophils.
Which immune system develops memory against specific pathogens?
Adaptive immune system.
True or False: The adaptive immune system takes longer to respond than the innate immune system.
True.
What are antibodies?
Proteins produced by B cells that specifically bind to antigens.
Multiple Choice: Which cells are responsible for the cell-mediated immune response? A) B cells B) T cells C) Phagocytes
B) T cells.
What is the role of memory cells in the adaptive immune system?
To provide a faster and stronger response upon re-exposure to the same pathogen.
Fill in the blank: The ______ immune response is characterized by the production of antibodies.
humoral
What is an antigen?
A substance that induces an immune response, typically a foreign protein or polysaccharide.
True or False: The innate immune system involves the use of antibodies.
False.
What are the primary components of the innate immune system?
Physical barriers, phagocytic cells, and the complement system.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a component of the adaptive immune system? A) B cells B) T cells C) Natural killer cells
C) Natural killer cells.
What type of immunity is provided by vaccination?
Adaptive immunity.
Fill in the blank: ______ cells help regulate the immune response and can kill infected cells.
T
What is the function of the complement system?
To enhance the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear pathogens.
True or False: Innate immunity is present at birth.
True.
What is the role of dendritic cells in the immune system?
To capture and present antigens to T cells.
Multiple Choice: Which type of T cell is primarily involved in killing infected cells? A) Helper T cells B) Cytotoxic T cells C) Regulatory T cells
B) Cytotoxic T cells.
Fill in the blank: The ______ immune response is activated by the recognition of specific antigens.
adaptive
What is the difference between active and passive immunity?
Active immunity is developed through exposure to antigens, while passive immunity is acquired through antibodies from another source.
True or False: Phagocytosis is a process used by both innate and adaptive immune systems.
False.
What are cytokines?
Signaling proteins released by cells that affect the behavior of other cells in the immune response.
Multiple Choice: Which cell type is primarily responsible for producing antibodies? A) T cells B) B cells C) Macrophages
B) B cells.
Fill in the blank: The ______ immune response can take days to weeks to fully develop.
adaptive
What is the first line of defense in the innate immune system?
Physical barriers such as skin and mucous membranes.
True or False: Natural killer cells are part of the adaptive immune response.
False.
What is clonal selection in the context of the adaptive immune system?
The process by which specific B or T cells are activated and proliferate in response to an antigen.
Multiple Choice: Which type of immunity is developed after recovery from an infection? A) Natural active B) Artificial active C) Natural passive
A) Natural active.
Fill in the blank: ______ immunity is provided by maternal antibodies transferred to an infant.
Passive
What role do helper T cells play in the immune response?
They assist other immune cells by releasing cytokines and enhancing their responses.
True or False: The adaptive immune system can respond to previously encountered pathogens more effectively due to memory cells.
True.
What is the purpose of immunological memory?
To enable a faster and more effective response to pathogens that the body has previously encountered.
Multiple Choice: Which type of immune response involves the activation of B cells? A) Cell-mediated B) Humoral C) Innate
B) Humoral.
