Inmunity System Glossary

Question 1

Antibodies

Answer 1

Y-shaped antigen receptor made only by B cells.

Question 2

Antigen

Answer 2

A molecule or particle that the immune system recognizes as nonself. Triggers an immune response.

Question 3

B Cells

Answer 3

B lymphocyte. Lymphocyte that can make antibodies.

Question 4

Complement

Answer 4

A set of proteins that circulate in inactive form in blood, and when activated play a role in immune responses.

Question 5

Dendritic cells

Answer 5

Phagocytic white blood cell that alerts the immune system to the presence of antigen in solid tissues.

Question 6

Immunity

Answer 6

The body’s ability to resist and fight infections.

Question 7

Immunization

Answer 7

Any procedure designed to promote immunity to a specific disease.

Question 8

Inflammation

Answer 8

A local response to tissue damage or infection; characterized by redness, warmth, swelling, and pain.

Question 9

Innate immunity

Answer 9

In all multicelled organisms, set of immediate, general defenses against infection.

Question 10

Lymph

Answer 10

Fluid that has left capillaries and entered lymph vessels.

Question 11

Macrophages

Answer 11

Phagocytic white blood cell that patrols tissues and tissue fluids.

Question 12

Memory cells

Answer 12

Long-lived, antigen-sensitized B or T cell that can act in a secondary immune response.

Question 13

T cell receptors, or TCRs

Answer 13

Antigen receptor on the surface of a T cell.

Question 14

T cells

Answer 14

T lymphocyte. Lymphocyte central to adaptive immunity; some kinds target infected or cancerous body cells.

Question 15

Vaccine

Answer 15

A preparation introduced into the body in order to elicit immunity to a specific antigen.

Question 16

White blood cells

Answer 16

Blood cell that helps defend the body against pathogens and cleans up cellular debris.

Question 17

Immune System

Answer 17

A complex network of interacting cells, cell products and tissues that protect the body from pathogens and other foreign substances.

Question 18

Components of the immune system

Answer 18

Thymus, spleen, lymph nodes, lymph tissue, specific cells and proteins.

Question 19

Complement

Answer 19

A set of proteins that circulate in inactive form throughout the body in blood and tissue fluids.

Question 20

Phagocytic cells

Answer 20

Those that engulf material by phagocytosis

Question 21

PAMPS

Answer 21

(pathogen-associated molecular patterns) Molecules associated with groups of pathogens, recognized by cells.

Question 22

Response time of innate immunity

Answer 22

Inmediate

Question 23

Response time of adaptive immunity

Answer 23

About a week

Question 24

First line of defense

Answer 24

Physical, chemical, and mechanical barriers that usually keep pathogens on the outside of the body

Question 25

Second line of defense

Answer 25

Innate immunity, begins after a tissue is damaged, or after antigen is detected inside the body.

Question 26

Third line of defense

Answer 26

White blood cells divide to form huge populations that target a specific antigen and destroy anything bearing it. Some white blood cells persist after infection ends. If the same antigen returns, these memory cells mount a secondary response.

Question 27

Neutrophils

Answer 27

Most numerous white cells, participate in inflammatory response

Question 28

Macrophage

Answer 28

Cause inflammation by ordering the blood vessels to release water.