Injury prevention and rehabilitation

Question 1

What procedure is used to assess an injury?

Answer 1

SALTAPS

Question 2

What is the first S in SALTAPS?

Answer 2

See/Stop- acknowledge that an injury has occurred and ensure no further damage can take pace by stopping the game.

Question 3

What is the first Ain SALTAPS?

Answer 3

Ask- where and what type of pain

Question 4

What is the L in SALTAPS?

Answer 4

Look- bruising, abnormal bumps, swelling and compare no opposite non-injured limb

Question 5

What does the T stand for in SALTAPS?

Answer 5

Touch- palpate the injury to assess level of pain, temperature check

Question 6

What does the second A in SALTAPS stand for?

Answer 6

Active movement- can the injured player move the area unaided, ROM, willingness to move

Question 7

What does the P stand for is SALTAPS?

Answer 7

Passive movement- physio moves the area full ROM, looking for end range

Question 8

What does the second S in SALTAPS stand for?

Answer 8

Strength testing- assess the strength of the area

Question 9

What is the procedure for acute management of responding to an injury?

Answer 9

PRICE
aims: reduce inflammation, reduce pain, minimize joint and muscle injury

Question 11

What does the P stand for in PRICE?

Answer 11

Protect-cast, splint, sling

Question 12

What does the R stand for in PRICE?

Answer 12

Rest- don’t use it, rest the area, wheelchair, crutch, brace, sling

Question 13

What does the I stand for in PRICE?

Answer 13

Ice- 20 mins every 2/3 hours

Question 14

What does the C stand for in PRICE?

Answer 14

Compression-compress area with a bandage or tight socks- this will reduce swelling by reducing blood flow to that area

Question 15

What does E stand for in PRICE?

Answer 15

Elevation- elevate injured area, above the heart, reduce swelling due to reduced blood flow due to gravity

Question 16

What is a concussion?

Answer 16

A temporary injury to the brain caused by a bump, blow or jolt to the head causing swelling.

Question 17

What are the symptoms of a concussion?

Answer 17

. headaches
.dizziness
. problems with balance
. nausea
. 10% of cases loss of consciousness

Question 18

What is the procedure to recognize and respond to a concussion?

Answer 18

Six R’s

Question 19

What are the Six R’s?

Answer 19

Recognize- signs and symptoms
Remove- remove from game
Refer- refer to specialist e.g. doctor
Rest- rest until symptom free-21 days minimum
Recover- recover fully before receiving assessment
Return- return to play when fully recovered and assessment by specialist

Question 20

What is rehabilitation?

Answer 20

The process of regaining full function of injured area
. healing
. ROM
. strength

Question 21

What is the early stage of rehab?

Answer 21

Gentle exercise- encourage healing and ROM

Question 22

What is the mid stage of rehab?

Answer 22

Progressive overload of the affected area to develop strength

Question 23

What is the late stage of rehab?

Answer 23

Functional exercises and drills to enable player to return to full time training

Question 24

What is massage therapy?

Answer 24

Used to:
- realign damaged muscle fibers
- remove toxin from the affected areas
Nutrients- can be flushed through the damaged tissue to aid recovery
Muscle fibers- stretched to release tension
Scar tissue- broken down and removed from area
Pain- reduction

Question 25

What is cold therapy?

Answer 25

ice or ice baths - reduce tissue temperature and metabolic activity - reduce blood flow (vasoconstriction of blood vessels) - used on acute injuries early in recovery process

Question 26

What is heat therapy?

Answer 26

use of hot pads - reduce muscle tension - increase blood flow from vasodilation of the blood vessels - used on chronic or latter stage acute injuries

Question 27

What is contrast therapy?

Answer 27

Alternate cold and heat therapy use cold water immediately by hot water ratio of 1(cold) : 3 (hot)

Question 28

How is surgery used to respond to injury?

Answer 28

As a last resort, depends on severity of injury Used for: dislocations, cartilage, ligament or tendon injuries, screws fixation plates (fractures) Surgery can include: Arthroscopy (key hole)-small incision, a camera used to help procedure Open surgery- whole injured area is opened up

Question 29

How is stretching used to respond to an injury?

Answer 29

Acute stage- no stretching Early/mid stage- active and passive static stretching Late stage- range of motion stretches some PNF

Question 30

What is physiotherapy?

Answer 30

Physical manipulation by a professional physiotherapist. Injured area mobilized, stretched or manipulated. Exercises to work the damaged muscle fibers. Adjusted posture and alignment.

Question 31

What are anti-inflammatory drugs?

Answer 31

Ibuprofen and aspirin + reduce the inflammatory response + blocks and interferes with the pain receptors - further injury if hide pain - heartburn - headaches - long term use is not recommended