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a level pe comp 1 > injuries & injury prevention > Flashcards

injuries & injury prevention Flashcards

1
Q

What are ACUTE INJURIES ?

A

sudden injury associated with a traumatic event

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2
Q

ACUTE INJURIES : CAUSES

A

collision
fall
excessive impact

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3
Q

ACUTE INJURIES : EXAMPLE

A

football - fracture metatarsal - kicking ball

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4
Q

ACUTE INJURIES : SYMPTOMS

A

pain
swelling
bruising
lack of movement
disfiguration

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5
Q

What are CHRONIC INJURIES ?

A

slowly developed injury associated with overuse

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6
Q

CHRONIC INJURIES : CAUSES

A

sudden increase in intensity / frequency / duration
reduction in recovery
warm up / cool-down

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7
Q

What are HARD TISSUE INJURIES ?

A

damage to the bone, joint or cartilage including fractures and dislocations

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8
Q

What are SOFT TISSUE INJURIES ?

A

damage to the skin, muscle, tendon or ligament, including tears, strains and sprains

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9
Q

What are the two types of HARD TISSUE INJURIES (acute injuries) ?

A

fractures
dislocations

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10
Q

What is a FRACTURE ?

A

PARTIAL or COMPLETE break in the bone due to an EXCESSIVE FORCE that overcomes the bone’s POTENTIAL TO FLEX

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11
Q

What are the 9 types of FRACTURES ?

A

compound (open)
simple (closed)
incomplete
complete
greenstick
transverse / oblique / spiral
comminuted
impacted
avulsion

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12
Q

COMPOUND FRACTURE ?

A

fractured bone breaks through the skin, creating an OPEN WOUND with high risk of infection

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13
Q

SIMPLE FRACTURE ?

A

skin remains unbroken as the fracture causes LITTLE MOVEMENT of the bone and therefore minimises the damage to the SOFT TISSUE surrounding it

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14
Q

INCOMPLETE FRACTURE ?

A

PARTIAL CRACK in the bone that doesn’t completely separate the bone

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15
Q

COMPLETE FRACTURE ?

A

TOTAL BREAK in the bone which separates the bone into one or more FRAGMENTS

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16
Q

GREENSTICK FRACTURE ?

A

SPLITTING PARTIAL BREAK in the bone resulting from a BENDING ACTION

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17
Q

TRANSVERSE FRACTURE ?

A

PERPENDICULAR CRACK across the length of the bone

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18
Q

OBLIQUE FRACTURE ?

A

DIAGONAL CRACK across the length of the bone

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19
Q

SPIRAL FRACTURE ?

A

TWISTING DIAGONAL CRACK across the length of the bone

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20
Q

COMMINUTED FRACTURE ?

A

CRACK producing MULTIPLE FRAGMENTS of bone and a long recovery process

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21
Q

IMPACTED FRACTURE ?

A

BREAK caused by the ends of a bone being COMPRESSED together

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22
Q

AVULSION FRACTURE ?

A

bone fragment DETACHED at the site of connective tissue attachment

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23
Q

What is a DISLOCATION ?

A

the DISPLACEMENT of one bone from another out of their ORIGINAL POSITION

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24
Q

DISLOCATION : CAUSE

A

direct force = collision
indirect force = a fall

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25
DISLOCATION : TYPICAL SITES
shoulder hip knee ankle elbow fingers toes
26
DISLOCATION : SYMPTOMS
severe pain loss of movement deformity swelling ‘pop’ feeling
27
What is a SUBLUXATION ?
incomplete / partial dislocation = overstretched ligament = permanently lengthened = decrease joint stability
28
What are the SOFT TISSUE INJURIES (acute injuries) ?
contusions (bruises) and haematoma sprain strain abrasion blisters
29
What are CONTUSIONS ?
ruptured blood vessels in skin or tissue
30
What is a RUPTURE ?
COMPLETE TEAR of a muscle, tendon or ligaments
31
What is a HAEMATOMA ?
localised CONGEALED bleeding from the ruptured blood vessels
32
What is a SPRAIN ?
OVERSTRETCH or tear in the LIGAMENTS
33
SPRAIN : CAUSES
impact / fall = beyond RoM
34
SPRAIN : TYPICAL SITES
ankle (games players) knee (football) thumbs wrists
35
SPRAIN : SYMPTOMS
pain swelling bruising inability to bear weight dislocation
36
what is a strain
37
STRAIN: causes
38
STRAIN: example
39
STRAIN: symptoms
40
What is an ABRASION ?
41
ABRASION : EXAMPLE
42
What is the technical term for cut ?
43
What is the technical term for stitching ?
44
What are BLISTERS ?
45
What is CONCUSSION ?
46
CONCUSSION : SYMPTOMS
47
CONCUSSION : CAUSES
48
How does CONCUSSION occur ?
49
What is OSTEOARTHRITIS ?
50
CHRONIC INJURIES : EXAMPLE
51
What are the types of HARD TISSUE INJURIES (chronic injuries) ?
52
What is a STRESS FRACTURE ?
53
STRESS FRACTURES : TYPICAL SITES
54
STRESS FRACTURES : CAUSES
55
What are the types of SOFT TISSUE INJURIES (chronic injuries) ?
56
What is TEDINOSIS ?
57
What are the two types of TEDINOSIS ?
58
what is ACHILLES TENDINOSIS ?
59
What is TENNIS ELBOW ?
60
TENDINOSIS : SYMPTOMS (5)
61
TENDINOSIS : TYPICAL SITES
62
What are INTRINSIC RISK FACTORS ?
63

a level pe comp 1 (6 decks)

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