Injuries

Question 1

Erb’s Palsy - which part of brachial plexus is damaged?

Answer 1

Upper brachial plexus injury

C5 and C6

Question 2

Erb’s palsy - clinical sign?

Answer 2

Waiter’s tip

adduction of shoulder, medial rotation, pronation of forearm

Question 3

Erb’s palsy - causes?

Answer 3

Excessive increase in angle between the neck and shoulder

Difficult birth or shoulder trauma

Question 4

Klumpke’s Palsy - which part of brachial plexus is damaged?

Answer 4

Lower brachial plexus injury

(C8) and T1

Question 5

Klumpke’s palsy - clinical sign?

Answer 5

Clawed hand

MCP hyperextension and DIP + PIP flexion

Question 6

Klumpke’s palsy - causes?

Answer 6

Excessive abduction of the arm
Birth trauma
Catching a fall from a tree by grabbing onto a branch

Question 7

Which is more common - erb’s or Klumpke’s?

Answer 7

Erb’s palsy

Question 8

Loss of sensation over lateral area of arm?

• Nerve damaged
• Causes

Answer 8

Axillary nerve injury
Dislocation of shoulder
Neck of humerus fracture

Question 9

Wrist drop?

• Nerve damaged
• Causes

Answer 9

Radial nerve injury
(unopposed flexion)
Humeral shaft fracture

Question 10

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

• Symptoms
• Nerve affected

Answer 10

Numbness, tingling and pain in distribution of median nerve

Question 11

Nerve at risk from a supracondylar fracture of humerus?

Answer 11

Median nerve

Question 12

Ulnar nerve injury

• Clinical sign
• Where is it most likely to be damaged

Answer 12

Claw hand (hyperextension at MCP and flexion at DIP + PIP)
Patient cannot grip paper placed in their hand
Fracture of medial epicondyle or injury at wrist