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anatomy exam 1 > Injuries > Flashcards

Injuries Flashcards

1
Q

Injury results in weakness against resistance in elevation of the scapula and atrophy of a lateral neck muscle as well as cranial nerve damage.

A

Trapezius (Cranial nerve XI)

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2
Q

Injury results in weakness in extension and lateral rotation along entire length of spine

A

erector spinae

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3
Q

Injury results in radiating pain around shoulder blades and weakness elevating ribs on deep breathing

A

Serratus posterior superior

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4
Q

Neck injury results in weakened ability to extend and medially rotate upper limb

A

lattissimus dorsi

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5
Q

sharp trauma to back of neck damages suboccipital nerve, resulting in weakened ability to extend and rotate the head to same same against resistance

A

rectus capitis posterior major

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6
Q

malformation in group that attaches to ligamentum nuchae results in weakened ability to extend neck bilaterally

A

splenius capitis

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7
Q

trauma to lateral neck results in lesion to dorsal scapular nerve and weakened ability to shrug shoulders

A

levator scapulae

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8
Q

loss of innervation to pair of hypaxial muscles results in bilateral weakness in ability to retract scapulae but does not affect ability to elevate scapula

A

Rhomboids- major or minor

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9
Q

In spinal surgery, small muscles of intrinsic back must be retracted from lamina and transverse processes of one or two vertebral segments

A

Rotatores

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10
Q

In neck surgery, vertebral artery is observed passing just deep to the muscle prior to the artery entering the foramen magnum

A

Rectus capitis posterior major

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11
Q

Whiplash injury (hyperextension) damages what

A

Anterior longitudinal ligament and can cause vertebral fracture

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12
Q

Whiplash injury (hyperflexion) damages what

A

interspinous lignament and can cause vertebral fracture and disc herniation

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13
Q

Injury to atlanto-axial joint affects what range of motion

A

Head shaking no and rotation

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14
Q

Subclavian Steal Syndrome

A

Retrograde flow in the vertebral artery due to an ipsilateral subclavian artery stenosis.

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15
Q

Deep laceration of the at the metacarpal carpal joint that cuts the deep palmar arch

A

compromise flexion of the fingers

deep palmar arch is post. to tendons of the flexor digitorum superficialis and the flexor digitorum profundus

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16
Q

Does deep laceration to the palmar arch usually damage the ulnar or radial artery?

A

No

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17
Q

Wrist drop- midshaft fracture of humerus; badly fitted crutch; arm draped over chair

A

Radial Nerve injury

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18
Q

extension of wrist and digits is lost; supination compromised; sensory loss of poster arm, forearm, and lateral aspect of hand

A

Radial nerve injury

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19
Q

surgical neck of humerus fracture; abduction of arm to horizontal is compromised

A

Axillary nerve injury

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20
Q

anterior dislocation of shoulder joint injury

A

axillary nerve injury

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21
Q

Stab wound that affects abduction of arm past horizontal

A

long thoracic nerve injury

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22
Q

common nerve injury in masectomy

A

long thoracic nerve injury

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23
Q

Elbow injury that results in loss of flexion of wrist, and flexion of index and middle fingers as well as loss of abduction, opposition and flexion of thumb

A

Median nerve injury at elbow- supracondylar fracure of humerus

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24
Q

wrist slash or carpel tunnel syndrome

A

affects flexion of index and middle fingers at MP joint, abduction and opposition of thumb is lost, can’t make an O with thumb and index finger

25
Q

Damage to palmar interosseus muscles affects

A

Adduction at the MP joint (PAD)

26
Q

Damage to the dorsal inerosseus muscles affects

A

Abduction at the MP joint (DAB)

27
Q

Carpal Tunnel syndrome can affect what structures that pass through it

A

Flexor digitorum, superficialis tendons, flexor digitorum profundus tendons, flexor pollicus longus tendon, and median nerve

28
Q

Carpel Tunnel syndrome can affect what arteries that pass through it

A

None- no arteries pass through the carpel tunnel

29
Q

Wrist slashing can affect what structures on the radial side

A

radial artery, median nerve, flexor carpid radialis, and palmaris longus

30
Q

Wrist slashing on the ulnar side can affect what structures

A

ulnar nerve, ulnar artery, flexor carpi ulnaris

31
Q

thickening and contracture of the palmar aponeurosis that leads to progrssive flexion of fingers is usually more pronounced in what fingers

A

ring and pinky

32
Q

forearm contracture at supracondylar of humerus affects what artery

A

brachial

33
Q

Most commonly fractured carpal bone- includes tenderness in the snuffbox

A

scaphoid bone

34
Q

Boxer’s fracture- include pain to ulnar side and depression of the head of the pinky is damage to the what

A

fracture to head of fifth metacarpal

35
Q

Dinner fork deformity- when person falls on outstretched had with the wrist extended is an injury to what

A

radius and the ulnar styloid process

36
Q

Platysma is innervated by which nerve that can be injured during surgey and result in distortion of the shape of the mouth

A

facial nerve

37
Q

Injury to CN XI can cause paralysis of what muscle and affect which movement of the arm

A

Trapezius and ABDuction past the horizontal

38
Q

Severe upper limb hemorrhage may be stopped by compressing the what

A

subclavian artery

39
Q

Brachial nerve block, the needle is inserted where

A

at vertebral level C6

40
Q

Cervical Plexus nerve block the needle is inserted where

A

at vertebral level C3

41
Q

Lumbar puncture is done to draw CSF or inject into what area

A

subarachnoid space at level of L4-L5

42
Q

Rotaror cuff injuries can affect which muscles

A

Suprascapularis; infraspinatus, supraspinatus, and teres minor

43
Q

Upper brachial plexus injuries usually affect what muscles (C5-C6 roots)

A

Deltoid and biceps

44
Q

lower brachial plexus injuries usually affect what muscles (C8-T1)

A

things mediated by median and ulnar nerves- palmar hand and ulnar aspect of dorsal hand

45
Q

damage to the snuffbox can affect what artery

A

radial artery

46
Q

Elderly woman falls on outstretched hand and fractures surgical neck of humerus, which nerve is likely affected

A

Axillary which innervates deltoid and teres minor

47
Q

Absent biceps tendon reflex is associated with which levels

A

C5-C7

48
Q

Patient with midshaft humeral fracture and nerve entrapment likely damaged which nerve

A

Radial - innervates extensors of the arm

49
Q

Which muscle in rotator cuff most susceptible to injury

A

Supraspinatus

50
Q

Colles fracture- dinner fork deformity- affects which bone

A

radial

51
Q

Recurrent branch or thenar muscles are associated with which part of the body

A

carpel tunnel

52
Q

Patient has numbness over medial hand and atrophy of hypothenar muscles after injury to humeral epicondyle. Which nerve is affected

A

Ulnar

53
Q

To test the radial pulse, which muscle can be used to find the radial artery

A

Can be taken at wrist where artery lies just lateral to the flexor carpi radialis

54
Q

IV fluid into the medial cubital vein that enters the basilic vein would empty into which vein

A

axillary vein

55
Q

Which is most likely vulnerable to inflammation and sepsis at the shoulder joint

A

long head of triceps

56
Q

Major abductors of the hand

A

Dorsal interossei

57
Q

When making a fist, patient cannot flex first 3 fingers into palm. what nerve is likely affected

A

median nerve

58
Q

Despite injury to radial nerve in arm, a patient is still able to achieve supination. This is because of what muscle

A

biceps brachaii which is innervated by musculocutaneous

59
Q

Dislocation of the shoulder places which nerve most in jeopardy of injury

A

Axillary nerve- can be injured by shoulder dislocations and innervates deltoid and teres minor and passed through quadrangular space.

anatomy exam 1 (1 decks)

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