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Serious Crime CIB 014 > Initial response to homicide or serious crime > Flashcards

Initial response to homicide or serious crime Flashcards

1
Q

Name the two key tasks of any investigation:

A
  • Gathering and preserving evidence, and

- Documentation

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2
Q

Team Conferences

Name the four types of team conferences:

A
  • Initial conference
  • Regular conference
  • Debriefing conference
  • Phase team conferences (run by OC phase and attended by their staff only).
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3
Q

Are notes made by staff at team conferences disclosable?

A

No they are not subject to disclosure and it is good practice to clearly identify these entries to the disclosure officer.

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4
Q

Identification of homicide cases

Not all incidences involving homicide are readily identifiable .. name 10 examples of these:

A
  1. Missing person
  2. Unexplained sudden death of an infant
  3. Unexplained death
  4. Abduction
  5. Report of violence where no fatalities are anticipated
  6. Crime scene without a body present
  7. Hit and run vehicle collision
  8. Suicide
  9. Fatal fire
  10. Drug related deaths
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5
Q

Initial responsibilities

What is the general investigation model that should be applied in all cases by first responding police:

A

VAWSEIPO

Victim- identify and locate
Appreciation- Assess personal risk and preserve life
Witnesses- Locate and contain
Scene- preserve
Exhibits- Note evidence and preserve 
Ingredients- has an offence been established
Powers- Identify and consider execution
Offenders- Identify and apprehend
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6
Q

Initial responsibilities

What are the four things first responders should remember to do:

A

Freeze, control, guard and preserve.

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7
Q

Definition

What is an appreciation?

A

Is a proven method of problem solving.
The process follows a series of steps t sure the optimum course of action is decided upon.
Considers all appropriate factors and weighs the benefits and risks fo all alternative solutions allowing sound decisions to be taken. It is an ongoing process evolving as nee information is uncovered.

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8
Q

Name 8 benefits of using the appreciation technique:

A
  1. Outlines what is expected to be achieved
  2. Increases success- aims and objectives being met
  3. Establishes a sequence of activities to be carried out
  4. Manages risk
  5. Reduces uncertainty
  6. Eliminates duplication
  7. Ensures nothing is overlooked
  8. Effective use of resources
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9
Q

What are the four steps to conducting an appreciation and briefly explain:

A
  1. AIM - is a short statement of the objective
  2. FACTORS - is any circumstance or fact that could possibly have an effect on the manner in each you will achieve your desired outcome.
  3. COURSES OPEN - A ist of all possible ways the aim can be achieved.
  4. PLAN - a proposed course of action designed to put the selected course into action to achieve the aim.
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10
Q

The complainant/informant is critical for sourcing information what information should you make every effort to obtain? 11 points

A
  • Identify and location of suspet
  • first hand account of what the complainant/ informant knows
  • Location of scene
  • Circumstances leading to discovery
  • Victim’s identity
  • Details of anyone else at scene
  • Full contact details of complainant/informant
  • Demeanour of the complainant/informant
  • Relationship to the suspect or victim
  • Details of their action taken and where they have been
  • Details of any hazards or safety issues
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11
Q

Sometimes there may be a delay between the initial report and Police arriving at the scene what can you ask the complainant to do in these circumstances: 5 points

A
  • To return to the proximity of the scene and guard it, if safe to do so
  • Not to enter obvious boundaries of scene
  • Not to touch or move anything
  • To prevent others entering or touching the scene
  • To await Police arrival and identify themselves to the first Police at the scene
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12
Q

Offices who have initial contact with the complainant/informant should take care in recording what?

A
  • Their demeanour and clothing in case they are later identified as a suspect
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13
Q

Establish the Victim’s medical status

Name the three categories the physical condition of the victim can call into:

A
  • Alive and uninjured
  • Alive but injured
  • Shows no signs of life
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14
Q

Victim is alive but injured

On arrival at hospital what are the 11 steps a detective should take?

A
  1. Obtain medical opinion to victim’s current medical condition
  2. Seize the victim’s clothing and other possessions as evidence
  3. Establish victim’s identity
  4. Obtain pre-transfusion blode sample using Police Toxicology Kit
  5. Seize discarded bandages used to cover gun shot wounds and where bandage was applied
  6. Firearm residue samples (including in suspected suicide)
  7. Note and photograph injuries
  8. Arrange DNA swabs of victims skin where relevant to case
  9. Obtain details of all victims visitors or victim contacts
  10. prelim interview - if victim may die consider recording an immediate statement
  11. Prelim statement with ambulance and emergency staff
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15
Q

If you take an immediate statement off a victim who is expected to die at hospital and whether it is signed or not can it be admissible?

A

Yes it may be admissible user section 18(1) of the evidence act 2006 as hearsay evidence

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16
Q

In order for a statement that is taken off a dying victim to be considered admissible evidence under s18(1)(a) the court must be satisfied of what?

A

That both the content of the statement and the person who made it are reliable. Police taking the statement must therefore record any factors which demonstrate the reliability of the statement or its maker.

17
Q

The circumstances to consider under section 16(1) of the evidence act 2006 for a statement to be admissible include:

A
  • The nature of the statement
  • The contents of the statement
  • The circumstances relating to the making of the statement
  • Circumstances relating to the veracity of the person and
  • Circumstances relating to the accuracy of the observations of the person
18
Q

What is the 13 step action plan you should take if you discover a body?

A
  1. Call an ambulance and resuscitation if appropriate. Note original body position/previous movements
  2. Remain with body until relieved by CIB/Supervisor
  3. Arrange a doctor/life extinct unless death is obvious
  4. Treat victim as a scene do not move unnecessarily
  5. Instruct medical staff to leave clothes on
  6. If medical treatment is given connecting tubes, needles, bandages etc left in situ
  7. Prelim statements medical staff; their actions/cause of death/injury types
  8. Ascertain if victim spoke to anyone prior to death and record what was said
  9. Record body position/lividity/injuries/clothing
  10. Record everything; sight, smell, sound
  11. Record all exhibits
  12. Sketch position of body and exhibits
  13. Provide info to OC investigation at an early stage
19
Q

What is the definition of a crime scene log:

A

A crime scene log records the details, time and purpose of all persons who enter, attempt to enter or leave the crime scene, as well as any other activities around the crime scene which the scene guard perceives to be relevant to the case.

20
Q

A scene guard and the log maintained by the person is employed in order to ensure what 4 things?

A
  • There is no unauthorised entry into the scene
  • Integrity of evidence or potential evidence is secured
  • Intelligence opportunities are maximised
  • Contamination issues are managed
21
Q

What are the 11 duties of a scene guard?

A
  1. Secure scene
  2. Record details of every person; name/designation/authority to enter/purpose/entry and exit time
  3. Control movements- ensure common approach path is followed
  4. Record movements and vehicle movements
  5. Brief others
  6. Avoid disturbance- do not enter/contaminate/interfere with scene
  7. Protect scene-be vigilant for activity/presence of animals
  8. brief replacement
  9. Respect security- no discussions with witnesses/bystanders/media
  10. Demonstrate courtesy
  11. Report actions to OC scene as appropriate
22
Q

Witnesses at the scene should be dealt with how?

A

With professionalism, isolated from one another and instructed not to discuss incident

23
Q

Initial questioning of a witness.

What are the 6 minimum points to cover?

A
  1. What happened
  2. Where it happened
  3. When it happened
  4. Who was involved
  5. What the witness did/Where they went/What the witness touched
24
Q

Obtaining forensic evidence from a witness at a scene.

The plan to preserve and recover evidence from a forensically important witness should consider these issues, where applicable 6 points

A
  1. Immediate DNA swabs of any areas os the witness that the suspect may have touched.
  2. Immediate DNA swabs of any blood present
  3. Immediate swabs of relevant stains on witness
  4. Forensic medical examination- fingernail scrapings, hair combing
  5. Seizure of clothing and footwear
  6. Seizure of any items of property touched by suspect
25
Q

What points to consider when taking forensic evidence from a witness?

A
  • Avoid cross contamination issues different vehicles/interview rooms
  • Photograph witness at scene
  • Photograph any injuries
26
Q

Name the 8 step action plan for obtaining key material from witnesses at the scene:

A
  1. Obtain full details of all persons
  2. Assemble in a clear area with an officer
  3. Isolate witness to avoid contamination/collusion
  4. Prelim interviews
  5. Establish if anyone has left
  6. Establish if phone calls were made from scene and to who to verify times
  7. Record vehicle registrations
  8. Seize CCTV in the vicinity
27
Q

12 step procedure for suspects at the scene

A
  1. Separate from other persons at the scene
  2. Consider condition of suspect; injured? Under the influence drugs/alcohol? Suffer medical or mental impairment or other special consideration.
  3. Ask to remain and cooperate. Remove asap by consent or lawful justification.
  4. If suspect refuses to cooperate consider arrest and appropriate offences
  5. Prevent cross contamination (officers not entered the scene to manage suspect)
  6. Arrest or detain and caution or caution if not arrested but questioning- this must be repeated upon arrest
  7. Consider searching suspect/vehicle/belongings to prevent disposal of evidence S&S
  8. Search vicinity of suspect/area/route taken
  9. Note appearance and behaviour
  10. Record everything the suspect says and consider prelim
  11. If possible video record interview
  12. Brief OC investigation on risks cross-contamination, movements in and out of scene
28
Q

Media

If members of the media are present at the scene what should you do?

A
  • Keep them away from the immediate crime scene cordon and make no comment about the incident. Identify media and their location to OC Investigation
29
Q

The OC Investigation will expect a briefing from a the officer in initial charge of the incident as to: 4 things

A
  1. What has occurred
  2. What action has been taken
  3. What has not been done
  4. What needs to be done
30
Q

5 points to controlling people at the scene to gain control

A
  1. Take control of the scene
  2. Exercise warrantless search powers S&S
  3. Clear all persons and contain nearby
  4. Identify and locate complainant take prelim
  5. Arrange a detailed interview and statement
31
Q

7 step process if victim is injured

A
  1. Commence 1st aid & call ambulance
  2. Prelim interview
  3. Consider taking statement if expected to die
  4. Treat victim as a scene don’t move unnecessarily
  5. DNA swabs from victims skin if appropirate
  6. Record and photograph injuries
  7. Accompany to hospital; ascertain current medical condition, preserve clothing, debrief medial staff and update OC Investigations
32
Q

How should you identify and preserve the scene (freeze, control, guard and preserve) 11 steps:

A
  1. Carry out initial assessment
  2. Use common approach path
  3. Clear the scene
  4. Arrange and brief scene guards/ use logs
  5. establish adequate cordons
  6. if no immediate risk to life consider stepping plates
  7. Protect exhibits fragile/exposed to elements
  8. Call for assistance/resources
  9. Make appropriate records
  10. Sketch plan/initial photos
  11. Record and report to OC Investigations
33
Q

Before leaving the scene brief the OC Investigation on what 3 things before handing on responsibility of the scene?

A
  • Cover what’s been done
  • What is being done
  • What needs to be done

Serious Crime CIB 014 (3 decks)

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