Initial Definitions Flashcards

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1
Q

Define an atom

A

A basic unit of matter that consists of a dense, central nucleus surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons.

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2
Q

Define a molecule

A

a group of at least two atoms held together by covalent bonds

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3
Q

Define organic

A

molecules containing carbon, except those containing only carbon and oxygen (eg CO2)

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4
Q

Define inorganic

A

molecules that do not contain carbon, plus the carbon oxides (eg CO2)

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5
Q

Describe the food test and positive result for starch

A

Add iodine, colour change from yellow to blue/black

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6
Q

Give the food test and positive result for a reducing sugar

A

Add benedicts reagant and BOIL, colour change from blue to brick red (or green to yellow to orange to red)

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7
Q

Give the food test and positive result for a non reducing sugar

A

Add acid and boil, then neutralise. Add benedicts reagant and BOIL, colour change from blue to brick red (or green to yellow to orange to red)

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8
Q

Give the food test and positive result for protein

A

Add biuret reagant, colour change from blue to lilac/purple

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9
Q

Give the food test and positive result for lipid

A

Add ethanol, shake, add water, shake. Forms a milky white emulsion

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10
Q

What is magnesium used for in plants?

A

Making chlorophyll

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11
Q

What is phosphate used for in plants?

A

Making nucleic acids and phospholipids

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12
Q

What is nitrate used for in plants?

A

Making nucleic acids and amino acids

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13
Q

What is calcium used for in plants?

A

Forming the cell wall

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14
Q

What is magnesium used for in animals?

A

Forming bones

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15
Q

What is phosphate used for in animals?

A

Forming nucleic acids

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16
Q

What is iron used for in animals?

A

Forming haemoglobin

17
Q

What is nitrate used for in animals?

A

Forming nucleic acids and amino acids

18
Q

What is calcium used for in animals?

A

Bones and teeth