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ATLS > Initial Assessment > Flashcards

Initial Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

3 vitals criteria for immediate trauma center transport

A

Dypnea/tachypnea, BP<90, GCS <13

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2
Q

motor cycle speed for transfer

A

20

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3
Q

fall height for adult transfer

A

20ft 6 m

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4
Q

What important vital may be misleading in adults over 55? What number may indicate shock

A

BP<110

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5
Q

what is primary survey?
Secondary?

A

ABCDE
Head to toe

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6
Q

1.5 L infusion of crystalloid for trauma patients is and independent indicator of increase in _____

A

mortality

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7
Q

Within what time should TXA be given? repeat when

A

3 hours; 8 hours

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8
Q

Blood at meatus, next move?

A

RUG

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9
Q

Good EMS hand over mnemonic

A

MIST

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10
Q

MC site of spinal fracture

A

C5

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11
Q

If tourniquet is up for one hour prior to operative availabilitiy, what can be attempted?

A

tourniquet release

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12
Q

What is an MSK adjunct in the TB?

A

splint

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13
Q

The most significant differnce between burns and other injuries is that the consequence of burn are directly related to ….

A

inflammatory response

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14
Q

4 unique early intubation considerations for burns

A

Severe burns for patient pending transfer
40-50s TBSA
Facial burns
mouth burns

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15
Q

Half life of CO association with oxygen? Treatment?

A

4 hours, high flow non rebreather to red to 40

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16
Q

Parkland formula Adults vs kids

A

2ml LR x kg x TBSA

3ml LR x kg x TBSA

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17
Q

Target burn uops adults v kids

A

30-50ml/h or 0.5ml/kg/h

1ml/kg/h

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18
Q

Electrical burn parkland

A

4ml

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19
Q

adult burn % v babies

A

Head 9 v 4.5
legs 7 v 9

rule of 9s for adults

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20
Q

Hand trick for burns

A

1% for a palm

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21
Q

what degree is a superficial burn? what kind of common burn does this equate to ?

A

first
sunburn

22
Q

partial superficial v partial deep characteristics

A

moist, hyper sens

dry, less painful, DO NOT BLANCH

23
Q

full thickness burn appearance

A

leathery

24
Q

how to clean burn wound?

A

room temp saline

25
Q

dry chemical on skin, first step?

A

brush off then lots of warm saline

26
Q

what metabolic disorder is associated with electrical burn

A

rhabdo

27
Q

4 non obvious transfer criteria for burns

A

TBSA >10%
face, perineum, genitals
3rd degree
electrical burns

28
Q

what to do for frost bite

A

warm in 40 C or 104 F

29
Q

Where do the main fluid losses occur for burns

A

Interstitial losses from inflammatory response

29
Q

Where do the main fluid losses occur for burns

A

Interstitial losses from inflammatory response

30
Q

urine goals for electric burns, why

A

100ml/h to combat rhabdo

31
Q

important position for babies concerning airway patency

A

sniffing position

32
Q

Childrens ETT size trick

A

nares or little finger

33
Q

Always do this prior to attempting intubation for children

A

pre ox

34
Q

equation for childrens sbp

A

90 + (2x age)

35
Q

Severe ped blood loss percent

A

45

36
Q

At what age to heart rate norms catch up to adults?

A

13

37
Q

Infant normal HR? school age?

A

160

120

38
Q

Normal UOP for infant v 13y
In between?

A

2 v .5

1-1.5

39
Q

Peds hemorrhage resuscitation protocol

A

20 ml/kg crystalloid bolus
then 10-20 ml/kg blood
then 10-20 ml/kg ffp

40
Q

MC life threatening injury in kids?
why?

A

Tension Ptx
very mobile mediastinal structures

41
Q

ALARA?

A

As low as reasonably achievable

42
Q

Fatal cancer rate in children who have CT scans

A

1 in 1000

43
Q

Normal pCO2 in pregnancy?

A

normal low

44
Q

acute blood loss effect on fetus initially

A

uterine blood supply constriction

45
Q

effects of pregnancy on fibrinogen? wbc? plasma? crit?

A

up
up
up
down

46
Q

pa co2 in preg? why?

A

25-30; progesterone sensitizes central co2 receptors leading to increase in TV

47
Q

First line treatment for eclampsia seizures?

A

Mg

48
Q

Pregnant patient positioning in TB?

A

left tilt

49
Q

Main cause of traumatic fetal death

A

Maternal shock and death

ATLS (4 decks)

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