Inhibitoare SNV Parasimpatic Flashcards

1
Q

Ce efect are atropina asupra cordului ?

A

Blocheaza rec. M2 → creste FC

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2
Q

Ce efecte are Atropina vascular, in doze mari ?

A

Vasodilatatie cutanata → in special in 1/2 sup. a corpului

hTA

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3
Q

Ce efect are Atropina asupra muschilor ciliari dupa administrare locala / sistemica ?

A

Cicloplegie -> impiedica acomodarea (paralizie ciliara)

  • Dupa adm. locala → 12 zile
  • Dupa adm. sistemica → 2-3 zile
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4
Q

Ce efecte are Atropina asupra sfincterului irian ?

A

Il paralizeaza, deci ramane in midriaza

  • Dupa adm locala → 7-10 zile
  • Dupa adm sistemica → tot 2-3 zile

-> Reduce scurgerea umorii apoase prin canalul Schlemm

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5
Q

Ce efecte are Atropina asupra musculaturii netede ?

A
  1. TGI, GU, bronsica -> reduce tonusul
  2. Motilitatea viscerala e mai putin influentata
  3. Bronhodilatatie evidenta doar la persoanele cu astm bronsic
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6
Q

Ce efecte are Atropina la nivel vezical ?

A

Efect advers de crestere a tonusului sfincterial -> scade tonusul vezical -> se da in incontinenta urinara (creste capacitatea vezicala)

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7
Q

Cat persista Atropina pe motilitatea intestinala ?

A

Cam 3 zile

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8
Q

Ce efecte are Atropina asupra glandelor exocrine ?

A

Le reduce puternic secretia:

  • pe gl. salivare = senz. de gura uscata
  • pe gl sudoripare = uscaciunea tegumentara
  • pe gl. bronsice = creste vascozitatea secretiei
  • secr. digestive → trebuie doze mari ca sa le inhibe
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9
Q

Care-s cele trei efecte ale Atropinei asupra SNC ?

A
  1. Antiemetic (in interv. chirurgicale, la asocierea cu opiacee)
  2. Amelioreaza simptomele Parkinson
  3. Ang. al rec. M medulari intercalari => MIORELAXARE
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10
Q

Cum este absorbtia Atropinei ?

A

E buna pe cale:

  • orala
  • parenterala
  • instilare conjunctivala
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11
Q

Atropina poate trece prin bariera hemato-encefalica ?

A

Da, dar compusii quaternari nu.

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12
Q

Cum e metabolizata Atropina ?

A
  • cea mai mare parte in ficat

- o mica parte trece nemetabolizata prin rinichi

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13
Q

Persista Atropina in sange si efectele sale ?

A
  • niv. sangvin scade rapid
  • actiunea este indelungata
  • efectele asupra functiei Ps scad rapid peste tot, exceptie fiind GO (2-3 zile persistenta)
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14
Q

T 1/2 plasmatic Atropina

A

2 ore

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15
Q

Unde e indicata Atropina intravenos ?

A
  1. Antidot in intx. cu organofosforate / muscarina
  2. Asistolie (conditie in care scade F. de contractie a miocardului) si bradiaritmii severe
  3. Antispastic
  4. Premedicatie in anestezie
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16
Q

Unde e indicata Atropina topic ?

A

Midriaza terapeutica

17
Q

Unde se da Atropina ca adjuvant ?

A
  1. Tx. astm bronsic cu debut recent
  2. Tx. miastenia gravis
  3. Tx. bolii Parkinson
  4. Asociat cu opiaceele
18
Q

Ce putem diagnostica folosind Atropina ?

A

Sindromul WPW

19
Q

Care-s contraindicatiile pentru Atropina ? (7)

A
  1. Glaucom
  2. Hiperplazie benigna de prostata
  3. Nou-nascuti, copii mici, varstnici
  4. Boala ulceroasa cu hipersecretie acida
  5. Insuficienta cardiaca
  6. Tulburari de conducere, de ritm
  7. Leziuni ateromatoase coronariene severe
20
Q

Care-i observatia inainte de administrarea Atropinei ?

A

A se evita expunerea la soare

21
Q

Ce efecte adverse are Atropina ? (6)

A
  1. Tulburari de vedere din cauza midriazei
  2. Fotofobie
  3. Creste P. intraoculara la cei cu glaucom
  4. Reduce motilitatea GI
  5. Reduce secretiile lacrimala, salivara, sudoripara
  6. La cei cu HBP -> determina retentie acuta de urina
22
Q

Care e antidotul in intoxicatia acuta cu Atropina ?

A

Neostigmina i.v.

Pilocarpina i.v.