Inhertitance Patterns Flashcards
How was inheritance understood?
Blending theory- offspring phenotypes are a blend of the parental traits
What is the particulate theory of inheritance?
Traits are inherited as particles with offspring receiving a particle from each parent
What were Mendel’s experiments?
Crosses among different phenotypes of specific traits
Monohybrid crosses
Dihybrid crosses
What were Mendel’s laws?
Law of segregation- two copies of a gene separate during gamete formation. Each gamete receives only one copy.
What do we use pedigrees for?
To trace lineages and traits
What is a chimera?
An individual who has cells from two different sources
Can occur in early development if fraternal twin embryos fuse, resulting in tetragametic zygote
What is microchimerism?
When only a small portion of the tissues are chimeric
What is twin chimerism?
When twins exchange cells with each other in the womb, leading to a blend of their genetic material
Almost always have non identical twins
Share placental circulatory system during pregnancy resulting in free exchange of the hematopoietic stem cells that give rise to blood and immune cells
What are some facts about prokaryotic inheritance?
Binary fission does not provide opportunity for genetic recombination
Bacteria exchange genes by conjugation. DNa passes from Conor cell to recipient cell. Donor and recipient line up and crossing over can occur.
Plasmids can replicate independently from chromosome or be integrated into the chromosome
