inherited change Flashcards
what is meant by haploid?
Haploid is the quality of a cell or organism having a single set of chromosome.
what is meant by diploid?
Diploid describes a cell that contain two copies of each chromosome.
what is a gene?
A section of a DNA that codes for a particular protein
what is a chromosome?
A thread-like structure that contains genetic material.
what is meant by an allele?
An alternative of a gene
homozygous
Having two identical alleles of a particular gene.
heterozygous
having two different alleles of a particular gene.
pure breeding parents
Parents who are homozygous for their traits.Usually their offsprings are heterozygous.
Inheritance
The process of passing on genetic material from parents to offspring.
dominant allele
An allele that is always expressed anytime it is present even in the presence of an alternative allele.
recessive allele
An allele that is only expressed in its homozygous form.
Genotype
The genetic make-up of an organism. eg. Bb
Phenotype
The observable features of an organism .
F1 and F2 generations
F1 generation offsprings are produced from pure breeding parents and F2 generation offsprings are produced from f1 parents.
steps in monohybrid crossing
- Identify parent’s phenotype
- identify their genotype.
- laws of segregation
- determine offspring phenotype and genotype.
Usually a punnett square can be used for genetic cross
