Inheritance, variation and evolution Flashcards
What is protein synthesis?
the presses of making proteins
what are the two steps of protein synthesis?
transcription
translation
What is transcription
the process of taking a single gene of DNA and copying it into a structure called mRNA
What is translation
where you take an mRNA strand and use it to create a protein
Where is genetic material kept in the cell?
the nucleus
What is a gene?
a section of DNA that contains a specific sequence and then acts as code for a specific amino acid
What is a protein?
a combination of amino acids
Where are proteins made?
in the ribosomes
How are proteins made?
the specific codes in the genes are read by the ribosomes
How does the information from the gene get to the ribosome?
make a copy of the specific gene you want to use and then it will be able to leave the nucleus because it’s smaller compared to the DNA
What is mRNA?
a copy of a single gene
What does mRNA stand for?
messenger RNA
How does the structure of mRNA differ from DNA?
much shorter than DNA
only a single strand of gene
contains uracil instead of thymine
Which enzyme is used in transcription?
RNA polymerase
Which gene bases pair with each on the mRNA
g with c
c with g
t with a
a with u
