Inheritance of Traits

Question 1

Non-disjustion

Answer 1

failure of homologous chromosomes to move to opposite poles during meiosis resulting in abnormal amounts of chromosomes in daughter cells

Question 2

Trisomy

Answer 2

chromosomal abnormality where there are 3 homologous chromosomes

Question 3

Monosomy

Answer 3

chromosomal abnormality where there is only 1 homologous chromosome

Question 4

allele

Answer 4

alternate forms of a gene for a specific trait

Question 5

genotype

Answer 5

specific combo of alleles in a trait

Question 6

phenotype

Answer 6

physical trait result

Question 7

homozygous

Answer 7

someone carrying two of the same types of alleles

Question 8

heterozygous

Answer 8

someone carrying two different types of alleles

Question 9

dominant alleles

Answer 9

will determine the expression of a genetic trait

Question 10

recessive alleles

Answer 10

will be overruled by dominant alleles, and only expressed when paired with another recessive allele

Question 11

GMLOI: Law of segregation

Answer 11

homologous pairs seperate during meiosis

Question 12

Law of independant assortment

Answer 12

in meiosis, homologous chromosomes randomly sort themselves into gametes (random assortment)

Question 13

monohybrid cross

Answer 13

a cross that involves one trait only

Question 14

dihybrid cross

Answer 14

a cross between 2 different genes

Question 15

Co-dominance

Answer 15

when two alleles are expressed at the same time (both parent traits are expressed)

Question 16

Incomplete dominance

Answer 16

neither gene is completely dominant and produces a new genotype.