Inheritance- Key words Flashcards
What is meant by the term homozygous?
a pair of homologous chromosomes carrying the same allele for a gene
What is meant by the term heterozygous?
a pair of homologous chromosomes carrying different alleles for a gene
What is a recessive allele?
an allele that will only be expressed if no dominant allele is present
What is a dominant allele?
an allele that will always be expressed (in the phenotype)
What is codominance?
when alleles are equally dominant so are both expressed in the phenotype
What is meant by the term multiple alleles?
more than 2 alleles for a single gene
What is meant by the term sex-linkage?
a gene whose locus is on the X chromosome
What is meant by the term autosomal linkage?
genes located on the same chromosome (not X)
What is meant by the term epistatis?
When one gene modifies or masks the expression of another gene at a different locus
What is meant by the term monohybrid?
the inheritance of one gene
What is meant by the term dihybrid?
the inheritance of characteristics determined by 2 genes on different chromosomes
What is meant by the term genotype?
the genetic constitution of an organism (the alleles it possesses)
What is meant by the term phenotype?
the expression of the genes and their interaction with the environment
How do you show codominant or multiple alleles?
Gene^allele
How do you show sex-linkage alleles?
chromosome^allele
