Inheritance Key Terms

Question 1

Define genotype

Answer 1

-the genetic constitution of an organism (the alleles it has for a gene)

Question 2

Define phenotype

Answer 2

-the expression of the genes and its interaction with the environment

Question 3

Define homozygous

Answer 3

-a pair of homologous chromosomes carrying the same alleles for a single gene

Question 4

Define heterozygous

Answer 4

-a pair of homologous chromosomes carrying two different alleles for a single gene

Question 5

Define recessive allele

Answer 5

-an allele only expressed if no dominant allele is present

Question 6

Define dominant allele

Answer 6

-an allele that will always be expressed in the phenotype

Question 7

Define codominant

Answer 7

-both alleles are equally dominant and expressed in the phenotype

Question 8

Define multiple alleles

Answer 8

-more than two alleles for a single gene

Question 9

Define sex-linkage

Answer 9

-a gene who locus in on X chromosome

Question 10

Define autosomal linkage

Answer 10

-genes that are located on the same chromosome (not the sex-chromosomes)

Question 11

Define epistasis

Answer 11

-when one gene masks the expression of a different gene at a different locus

Question 12

Define monohybrid

Answer 12

-genetic inheritance cross of a characteristics determined by one gene

Question 13

Define dihybrid

Answer 13

-genetic inheritance cross for a characteristics determined by two genes

Question 14

Define alleles

Answer 14

-different of a gene

Question 15

Define gene

Answer 15

-a section of DNA that carries instructions for the formation of a protein