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A-level Biology AQA > Inheritance > Flashcards

Inheritance Flashcards

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1
Q

Define chromosome

A

A linear molecule of DNA wrapped around histone proteins in eukaryotic cells

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2
Q

Define homozygous

A

Identical pair of alleles at the same locus

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3
Q

Define homologous pair

A

Pair of chromosomes found in diploid cells that carry the same genes at the same loci

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4
Q

Define phenotype

A

The observable characteristics that can been seen or tested for that are as a result of genes and the environment

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5
Q

Define allele

A

A different form that a gene can take

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6
Q

Define Gene

A

A length of DNA that codes for a polypeptide of functional DNA. It also codes for functional proteins

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7
Q

Define Locus

A

The position on a chromosome where you find a particular gene

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8
Q

Define Diploid

A

2 sets of chromosomes (2n)

normal body cells

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9
Q

Define Haploid

A

(n) one set of chromosomes

gametes

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10
Q

Define Mutation

A

A change in the DNA base sequence

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11
Q

Define population

A

Number of organisms of a particular species in a habitat at the same time.

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12
Q

Define heterozygous

A

Pair of different alleles at the same locus

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13
Q

Define dominant

A

Only need 1 copy of the allele for it to be expressed in the phenotype (Bb or BB)

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14
Q

Define recessive

A

Need 2 alleles for it to be expressed in the phenotype (bb)

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15
Q

Define gametes

A

haploid (n) sex cells

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16
Q

Define genotype

A

All the alleles that an organism possesses

17
Q

Define Co-dominance

A

When 2 alleles are equally dominant which are both expressed in the phenotype eg a red dominant flower and a white makes a pink flower

18
Q

Define Multiple alleles

A

More than 2 forms that the gene can take

19
Q

Define chromatid

A

1 identical replicated arm of a chromosomes

20
Q

Define Karyote

A

Picture of chromosomes of one cell

A-level Biology AQA (2 decks)

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